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They're Not Winglets

机译：他们不是小翅膀

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Four years ago, I added wingtip Extensions to my homebuilt. Originally, I had built the wing 20 inches shorter than its intended span of 35 feet, intending to add the tips after flight tests. I hoped to be able to adjust the dihedral with those little bits at the ends of the wings. It worked; but now many people who see them remark, "Ah, winglets!"rnThey're not winglets.rnThroughout die history of aeronautics, people have experimented with various ways of ending wings. The most common tip treatment has been some variation on a simple rounded cap-for a long time Mooneys dispensed even with that, wearing their sawed-offtips with disdainful pride-but marginal gains in one area or another have been claimed for upturned or downturned tips, tip plates, tip fences, winglets and whatnot.rnAll of these are weapons in the war against the tip vortex.rnThe tip vortex cannot be destroyed. Airplanes remain aloft because the pressure on die top of a wing is less than that on the bottom, and air near the wingtip inevitably tries to correct the imbalance by flowing outward along the bottom surface and spilling around the tip. This cannot be prevented by any sort of gadget affixed to a wingtip, any more than the flooding of New Orleans could have been prevented by putting vortex generators on top of the levees.
机译：四年前，我在自己的房屋中添加了wingtip扩展。最初，我建造的机翼比其预期的35英尺跨度短20英寸，打算在飞行测试后增加翼尖。我希望能够通过机翼末端的那些一点来调整二面角。有效;但是现在许多看到它们的人都说：“啊，小翼！”他们不是小翼。整个航空史上，人们都尝试了各种终结翼的方法。最常见的吸头治疗是在简单的圆形瓶盖上进行一些改动，即使很长时间，门尼仍可免除，即使戴上锯齿形的吸头，也拥有傲慢的骄傲，但由于向上或向下的吸头而在某个区域或另一区域获得了边际收益，尖端板，尖端栅栏，小翼等。所有这些都是对抗尖端涡流的武器。rn尖端涡流无法摧毁。飞机保持高空飞行的原因是机翼顶部的压力小于底部的压力，并且翼尖附近的空气不可避免地试图通过沿着底部表面向外流动并在尖端周围溢出来纠正不平衡。用任何固定在翼尖上的小工具都无法防止这种情况发生，这比通过将涡流发生器置于堤防顶部可以防止新奥尔良的洪水泛滥成灾。

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  • 来源
    《Flying》 |2009年第4期|86-8688-88|共2页
  • 作者

    Peter Garrison;

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