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Guest editorial

机译:客座社论

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摘要

Existential risks are those that threaten the extinction of humanity or, somewhat more broadly, those "where an adverse outcome would either annihilate Earth-originating intelligent life or permanently and drastically curtail its potential" (Bostrom, 2002), While it has long been widely recognized that global nuclear war and catastrophic climate change have potentially civilization-threatening consequences, it is only in the last decade or two that scholars have begun, in work that is typically highly interdisciplinary, to systematically investigate a broader range of existential risks. A landmark event was a conference on global catastrophic risks in Oxford in 2008, and the accompanying book edited by Bostrom and Cirkovic (2008). Subsequent research has tended to confirm the impression from that event that, in the time frame of a century or so, natural risks (such as asteroid impacts) are out shadowed by anthropogenic ones. In addition, while much work remains to be done in identifying and understanding the various risks, there is at present an increasing focus also on how to avoid or mitigate them.
机译:存在的风险是威胁人类灭绝的风险,或者更广泛地说,是“不良后果会消灭起源于地球的智能生活,或者永久,彻底地削弱其潜力的风险”(Bostrom,2002年)。众所周知,全球核战争和灾难性的气候变化可能会威胁到文明,因此仅在最近的一两年中,学者们才开始在通常高度跨学科的工作中系统地研究更广泛的存在风险。具有里程碑意义的事件是2008年在牛津召开的一次全球灾难性风险会议,以及由Bostrom和Cirkovic编辑的随书(2008年)。随后的研究倾向于证实该事件给人的印象,即在一个世纪左右的时间范围内,自然风险(如小行星撞击)被人为因素所掩盖。另外,尽管在识别和理解各种风险方面仍有许多工作要做,但目前也越来越关注如何避免或减轻这些风险。

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  • 来源
    《Foresight》 |2019年第1期|1-3|共3页
  • 作者单位

    Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden;

    Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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