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Modern information warfare: analysis and policy recommendations

机译：现代信息战：分析和政策建议

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Purpose - Information warfare (IW) is a novel and poorly understood threat to the international community, which may be used more commonly as a foreign policy tool in the future. By identifying the key components of modern IW, this paper seeks to formulate policy recommendations for how best to deal with this new threat. The general overview of the topic that this paper provides contributes to current efforts to develop strategies to counter IW operations around the world. Design/methodology/approach - The goal of this paper is to break down the components of modern IW and provide policy recommendations for domestic and international governance on the issue. These recommendations will be based in part of historical initiatives to counter IW and existing literature on cyber governance. Central to the framework used to analyze the cases of Russian and North Korean IW operations are the seven defining features of "strategic" IW established by a 1996 RAND Corporation report, modified to incorporate the importance of cyberspace to cases of IW in the modern day. Findings - Modern IW presents a new, multifaceted threat to states. Because of the value of IW as a tool by weaker states to counter stronger ones and the weakness of existing legal and normative frameworks, use of IW can be expected to be increasingly common. States can take action to promote international governance on the issue and develop policy frameworks for protecting themselves against IW. Practical implications - IW has historically been a very tricky tactic to define and identify. By analyzing IW's basic features, this paper provides a framework for breaking down IW into its component parts, which reveals valuable policy implications. Preventative efforts against IW can help restore trust to global information networks and lower the risk of conflict. Originality/value - Formal scholarship on modern IW and related subjects is lacking in comparison with higher visibility threats. Increased awareness of this issue, especially amongst civilian leaders, can augment global efforts to counter IW.
机译：目的-信息战（IW）是对国际社会的一种新颖且鲜为人知的威胁，将来可能会更广泛地用作外交政策工具。通过确定现代IW的关键组成部分，本文旨在就如何最好地应对这种新威胁制定政策建议。本文提供的主题的总体概述有助于当前为制定策略来应对全球IW运营而做出的努力。设计/方法/方法-本文的目的是分解现代IW的组成部分，并就此问题为国内和国际治理提供政策建议。这些建议将基于对抗IW和有关网络治理的现有文献的历史举措的一部分。用于分析俄罗斯和朝鲜IW行动案例的框架的核心是1996年RAND Corporation报告建立的“战略性” IW的七个定义特征，并对其进行了修改，以将网络空间的重要性纳入现代IW案例中。调查结果-现代IW向各州提出了一种新的，多方面的威胁。由于IW作为较弱国家对抗强大国家的工具的价值，以及现有法律和规范框架的弱点，可以预期IW的使用将越来越普遍。各国可以采取行动，促进在此问题上的国际治理，并制定政策框架，以保护自己不受内战的侵害。实际意义-IW历来是定义和识别非常棘手的策略。通过分析IW的基本特征，本文提供了一个将IW分解为各个组成部分的框架，从而揭示了有价值的政策含义。针对IW的预防措施可以帮助恢复对全球信息网络的信任并降低冲突风险。原创性/价值-与较高的知名度威胁相比，缺乏有关现代IW和相关主题的正式奖学金。尤其是在平民领导人中，对这一问题的认识不断提高，可以增强全球应对IW的努力。

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