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Modern Random Access Protocols

机译：现代随机访问协议

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摘要

Random access represents possibly the simplest and yet one of the best known approaches for sharing a channel among several users. Since their introduction in the 1970s, random access schemes have been thoroughly studied and small variations of the pioneering Aloha protocol have since then become a key component of many communications standards, ranging from satellite networks to ad hoc and cellular scenarios. A fundamental step forward for this old paradigm has been witnessed in the past few years, with the development of new solutions, mainly based on the principles of successive interference cancellation, which made it possible to embrace constructively collisions among packets rather enduring them as a waste of resources. These new lines of research have rendered the performance of modern random access protocols competitive to that of their coordinated counterparts, paving the road for a multitude of new applications. This monograph explores the main ideas and design principles that are behind some of such novel schemes, and aims at offering to the reader an introduction to the analytical tools that can be used to model their performance. After reviewing some relevant results for the random access channel, the volume focuses on slotted solutions that combine the approach of diversity Aloha with successive interference cancellation, and discusses their optimisation based on an analogy with the theory of codes on graphs. The potential of modern random access is then further explored considering two families of schemes: the former based on physical layer network coding to resolve collisions among users, and the latter leaning on the concept of receiver diversity. Finally, the opportunities and the challenges encountered by random access solutions recently devised to operate in asynchronous, i.e., unslotted, scenarios are reviewed and discussed.
机译：随机访问可能表示几种用户之间共享信道的最简单方法，也是最著名的方法之一。自从1970年代引入随机访问方案以来，已经对它们进行了彻底的研究，并且开创性的Aloha协议的细小变化从那时起成为许多通信标准（从卫星网络到临时和蜂窝方案）的关键组成部分。在过去的几年中，随着新解决方案的开发（主要基于连续干扰消除的原理），见证了这种旧模式的根本性进步，这使包之间进行建设性的碰撞成为可能，而忍受浪费却使它们成为可能。资源。这些新的研究领域使现代随机访问协议的性能比其协调的同类产品更具竞争力，从而为众多新应用铺平了道路。本专着探讨了一些此类新颖方案背后的主要思想和设计原理，旨在为读者提供可用于建模其性能的分析工具的介绍。在回顾了有关随机接入信道的一些相关结果之后，本卷重点介绍了将分集Aloha方法与连续干扰消除相结合的时隙解决方案，并讨论了基于类比与图上代码理论的优化。然后，考虑两个系列的方案，进一步探索现代随机访问的潜力：前者基于物理层网络编码来解决用户之间的冲突，而后者则依赖于接收机分集的概念。最后，回顾并讨论了最近被设计用于异步操作（即，无时隙）方案的随机访问解决方案所面临的机遇和挑战。

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  • 来源
    《Foundations and trends in networking》 |2015年第4期|7-1113-6466-8688-126128-136a6-a7|共128页
  • 作者

    Matteo Berioli; Giuseppe Cocco; Gianluigi Liva; Andrea Munari;

  • 作者单位

    Zodiac Inflight Innovations, TriaGnoSys GmbH Argelsrieder Feld 22, Wefiling, Germany;

    German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany;

    German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany;

    RWTH Aachen University Kackertstrasse 9, Aachen, Germany;

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