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The politics of escalation in French Revolutionary protest: political demonstrations, non-violence and violence in the grandes journées of 1789

机译：法国大革命抗议中升级的政治：1789年盛大新闻中的政治示威，非暴力和暴力

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摘要

The Réveillon riots, the storming of the Bastille and the October days of 1789 are known largely for their violent excesses, and they have been used by historians such as François Furet, Simon Schama and Arno Mayer to help place violence at the centre of the French Revolutionary experience. However, detailed studies of the early stages of these journées show that each of the protests began as essentially non-violent political demonstrations, which only turned physically violent in the face of attempted repression. Based upon a wide reading of Parisian newspapers, pamphlets, correspondence and other contemporary sources, this article highlights conciliatory aspects of Revolutionary protest and posits the existence of more peaceful alternatives to physical violence. Set in a wider context, where the overwhelming majority of Parisian street protests during the Revolution did not resort to physical violence, full-scale insurrection appears to have been only a secondary strategy, often adopted reluctantly.
机译：Réveillon暴动，巴士底狱的猛烈袭击和1789年10月的日子以暴力暴行而著称，FrançoisFuret，Simon Schama和Arno Mayer等历史学家已将其用于将暴力置于法国人的中心革命性的经验。但是，对这些新闻早期阶段的详细研究表明，每一次抗议活动都是从本质上是非暴力的政治示威活动开始的，只有在遭到企图镇压的情况下，这些示威活动才会变成暴力活动。在广泛阅读巴黎报纸，小册子，书信和其他当代资料的基础上，本文重点介绍了革命抗议活动的和解方面，并提出了对人身暴力的更和平替代品。在更广阔的背景下，革命期间绝大多数巴黎街头抗议活动都没有诉诸肉体暴力，全面起义似乎只是次要策略，常常勉强采用。

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    《French History》 |2009年第3期|p.336-359|共24页
  • 作者

    Micah Alpaugh*;

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    *Micah Alpaugh is a doctoral candidate at the University of California, Irvine, currently completing his dissertation, entitled ‘The Emergence of the Parisian Political Demonstration: Developing Nonviolent Protest in the French Revolution, 1787–1795’. He may be contacted at malpaugh{at}uci.edu;

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