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The effect of cavitation on the estimation of fuel injection rates based on momentum flux measurements

机译：空化对基于动量通量测量值的燃油喷射率估计的影响

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A study was conducted to determine how geometry-induced cavitation affects the reliability of injection rate estimates based on momentum flux measurements. Experiments were performed with two hydro-grinding diesel injector nozzles (D-o = 190 mu m), one having a cylindrical nozzle orifice that has a strong tendency to induce cavitation, and the other having a convergent nozzle orifice that tends to suppress cavitation. In addition, near-field microscopic images were captured to investigate the influence of cavitation on the liquid jet at the nozzle exit. The momentum flux measurements and near-field imaging were conducted at ambient pressure, using injection pressures of up to 2500 bar. When estimating the injection rate based on momentum flux measurements, failure to account for cavitation caused the integrated injection rate to be overestimated around 9% for the cavitating (cylindrical) nozzle but not for the non-cavitating (convergent) nozzle. We therefore recommend that cavitation should be accounted for when estimating injection rates for cavitating nozzles but not for non-cavitating nozzles. Further, we show that the tendency of a given nozzle orifice to induce cavitation can be evaluated by measuring the nozzle's momentum flux under the assumption of zero cavitation and then comparing the estimated mass of injected fuel to the weighed mass.
机译：进行了一项研究，以确定基于动量通量测量的几何形状引起的气蚀如何影响喷射速率估计的可靠性。用两个液压研磨柴油喷射器喷嘴（D-o = 190μm）进行了实验，一个喷嘴有一个圆柱形的喷嘴孔，很容易引起气蚀，另一个喷嘴有一个会聚的喷嘴孔，可以抑制气蚀。另外，捕获近场显微图像以研究空化对喷嘴出口处的液体射流的影响。动量通量测量和近场成像是在环境压力下使用高达2500 bar的注入压力进行的。当基于动量通量测量值估算喷射速率时，由于没有考虑气穴现象，导致空化（圆柱形）喷嘴的综合喷射率被高估了9％左右，而非空化（会聚）喷嘴的积分喷射率却被高估了。因此，我们建议在估算空化喷嘴的喷射速率时应考虑空化，而不是非空化喷嘴时应考虑空化。此外，我们表明，可以通过在假设为零气蚀的情况下测量喷嘴的动量通量，然后将估计的喷射燃料质量与称量质量进行比较，来评估给定喷嘴孔引起气蚀的趋势。

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