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Bioethanol production from Cogongrass by sequential recycling of black liquor and wastewater in a mild-alkali pretreatment

机译：通过在温和的碱预处理中依次回收黑液和废水，从Co草生产生物乙醇

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The present investigation evaluated Cogongrass as a prospective non-edible feedstock for second-generation bioethanol. An innovative recycling-based strategy was employed to minimize chemical consumption and wastewater generation during the mild-alkali pretreatment. The biomass was pretreated with 2% (W/V) sodium hydroxide (SH) solution at 85 degrees C for 90 min and subsequently subjected to separate saccharification and fermentation. Accordingly, the produced black liquor (BL) and waste wash-water (WWW) were sequentially withdrawn and partially fed back to the next pretreatment and washing processes, respectively. The results indicated that enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomass was substantially improved from 24.8% up to 90.8% following the alkali pretreatment; and afterward, it was progressively decreased to a minimum value of 66.4% upon recycling BL and WWW for ten times. Parallel hydrolysis experiments were conducted in the presence of three non-ionic environmentally-friendly surfactants at different concentrations (0.25-2% V/V). Notably, supplementation with 0.5% (V/V) Tween 80 significantly improved hydrolysis yield of recycled BL (RBL) pretreated substrate to a maximum value of similar to 88%. Fermentation of the RBL-pretreated Cogongrass did not reveal any cell inhibition and resulted in maximum similar to 76% ethanol production yield, while also saving 59% of the water consumption and over 45% of the alkali usage. Detailed analyses of the biomass using semi-quantitative techniques revealed that enhanced cellulose accessibility to the enzyme, decreased crystallinity, and extensive lignin and hemicellulose removal were the key factors contributing to the observed improvements.
机译：本研究评估了Co草作为第二代生物乙醇的一种潜在的非食用原料。采用了一种创新的基于回收的策略，以在轻度碱预处理期间最大程度地减少化学药品的消耗和废水的产生。将生物质用2％（W ​​/ V）氢氧化钠（SH）溶液在85摄氏度下预处理90分钟，然后分别进行糖化和发酵。因此，依次将产生的黑液（BL）和废洗涤水（WWW）取出，并分别部分送回下一个预处理和洗涤过程。结果表明，碱预处理后，生物质的酶促水解率从24.8％大大提高到90.8％。之后，在回收BL和WWW十次后，它逐渐降低到最小值66.4％。在三种不同浓度（0.25-2％V / V）的非离子型环保表面活性剂的存在下进行平行水解实验。值得注意的是，添加0.5％（V / V）吐温80可以显着提高回收的BL（RBL）预处理底物的水解产率，达到接近88％的最大值。经RBL预处理的Cogongrass的发酵未显示任何细胞抑制作用，并且最大程度地类似于76％的乙醇产量，同时还节省了59％的水消耗和超过45％的碱用量。使用半定量技术对生物质进行的详细分析显示，增强的纤维素对酶的可及性，降低的结晶度以及广泛的木质素和半纤维素去除是促成观察到的改善的关键因素。

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