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Characterisation of carbonaceous deposits on diesel injector nozzles

机译:柴油喷油喷嘴上碳质沉积物的特征

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摘要

Diesel injector nozzles are highly engineered components designed to optimise delivery of fuel into the combustion chamber of modern engines. These components contain narrow channels to enhance spray formation and penetration, hence mixing and combustion. Over time, these injectors can become clogged due to fouling by carbonaceous deposits which may affect the long-term performance of a diesel engine. In this paper we explore the chemical composition and structure of deposits formed within the nozzle at the nanometre scale using electron microscopy. We focus on comparing deposits generated using a chassis dynamometer-based WA with Zn fouled fuel with a DW10B dirty up test. We have developed and applied a method to precisely section the deposits for 'top view' scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the morphology and relative accumulation of deposits formed during chassis dynamometer and engine based dirty-up tests. We extend this analysis to finer length scales through lift-out of similar to 70 nm thick electron transparent cross section foils, including both the metal substrate and deposit, using focussed ion beam (FIB) machining. These foils are analysed using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and STEM-EDS. These thin foils reveal thin-film growth and chemical stratification of Zn, C, O and other elements in the organic deposit layers developed during growth on the steel substrate during industry standard fouling tests.
机译:柴油喷射器喷嘴是高度工程化部件,旨在优化燃料的燃料进入现代发动机的燃烧室。这些组件含有窄通道,以增强喷雾形成和穿透,因此混合和燃烧。随着时间的推移,由于碳质沉积物的污染可能影响柴油发动机的长期性能,这些喷射器可能被堵塞。在本文中,我们使用电子显微镜探讨喷嘴内形成的沉积物的化学成分和结构。我们专注于比较使用基于机箱测功机的WA产生的沉积物,与Zn污垢燃料有DW10B脏污测试。我们已经开发并应用了一种方法,精确地将“顶视图”扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量分散X射线光谱(EDS)分析分析了底盘测力计和发动机脏沉积物的形态和相对累积的分析-UP测试。我们将该分析扩展到更精细的长度尺度,通过升空与70nm厚的电子透明横截面箔,包括金属基板和沉积物,使用聚焦的离子束(FIB)加工。使用扫描透射电子显微镜(茎)和茎干分析这些箔。这些薄箔在工业标准污垢试验期间在钢基材的生长期间开发的有机沉积层中的薄膜生长和化学分层揭示了Zn,C,O和其他元素的Zn,C,O和其他元素。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2020年第15期|117629.1-117629.9|共9页
  • 作者单位

    Imperial Coll London Dept Mat London SW7 2AZ England;

    Imperial Coll London Dept Mat London SW7 2AZ England|Imperial Coll London Dept Mech Engn London SW7 2AZ England;

    Shell Ctr Shell Global Solut London SE1 7NA England;

    Shell Global Solut 40 Bank St London E14 5NR England;

    Imperial Coll London Dept Mat London SW7 2AZ England;

    Imperial Coll London Dept Mat London SW7 2AZ England;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Electron microscopy; Organic deposits; Fuel systems;

    机译:电子显微镜;有机沉积物;燃料系统;

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