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Method for measuring burn efficiency of spray flames that simulate scaled-down petroleum wellhead fires

机译：测量喷雾火焰燃烧效率的方法，用于模拟缩小的石油井口火灾

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摘要

In the case of wellhead blowout, intentional ignition and burning of the discharge is one option to prevent oil accumulation on the ground or water until the well is capped. A critical factor for this strategy is the burn efficiency of the wellhead fire, or the fraction of the oil discharge that burns and does not fall to the ground. This quantity is better referred to as "apparent burn efficiency" (ABE) because it considers not only fully evaporated and burned liquid oil but also particulates and combustion residuals that disperse into the atmosphere. Due to the scale and inherent danger, oil fallout measurement is untenable for a full-scale fire. This paper presents a method to measure ABE for a scaled-down burner, designed to simulate the internal flow and external spray of a wellhead. The method involves oil collection at limited discrete locations to construct an average radial fallout profile, which is then integrated over the circular area surrounding the burner to estimate total oil fallout mass. This is compared to the known total liquid oil discharge to determine ABE. Validation tests with non-reacting air/water sprays showed nearly complete water fallout and therefore near-zero ABE. For spray flames with Endicott crude oil and a methane/ethane/propane gas mixture, significant findings included: (1) burn efficiency results were consistent from test to test for a given set of conditions, with only a slight but explainable influence of weather conditions; and (2) burn efficiency results were significantly affected by gas/oil flow conditions.
机译：在井口井喷的情况下，故意点火和燃烧的放电是一种选择，以防止在地面或水上的油积聚直到井底。这种策略的关键因素是井口火灾的燃烧效率，或燃烧的油排放的分数，并且不会落到地面上。该数量更好地称为“表观燃烧效率”（ABE），因为它不仅考虑了完全蒸发和燃烧的液体油，而且还考虑了分散到大气中的颗粒和燃烧残留物。由于规模和固有的危险，石油辐射测量对于全尺寸的火灾无法维持。本文介绍了一种测量缩小燃烧器ABE的方法，旨在模拟井口的内部流量和外部喷雾。该方法涉及限制离散位置的石油收集，以构造平均径向辐射轮廓，然后在燃烧器周围的圆形区域上集成，以估计总油辐射质量。将其与已知的总液体油放电进行比较以确定ABE。具有非反应空气/水喷雾的验证测试显示几乎完全的水辐射，因此近零安倍。对于用endicott原油和甲烷/乙烷/丙烷气体混合物的喷雾火焰，包括显着的发现：（1）燃烧效率结果与测试对给定条件的测试一致，只有轻微但可解释的天气条件影响; （2）燃烧效率结果受气体/油流动条件的显着影响。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2020年第jul1期|117687.1-117687.15|共15页
  • 作者

    Fisher Brian T.; Tuttle Steven G.; Pfutzner Christopher J.; Kessler David A.;

  • 作者单位

    Naval Res Lab Combust & Reacting Transport Sect Chem Div Washington DC 20375 USA;

    Naval Res Lab Combust & Reacting Transport Sect Chem Div Washington DC 20375 USA;

    Naval Res Lab Combust & Reacting Transport Sect Chem Div Washington DC 20375 USA;

    Naval Res Lab Labs Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Washington DC 20375 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Wellhead; Burn efficiency; Fallout; Oil; Spray flame;

    机译：井口;燃烧效率;辐射;油;喷雾火焰;

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