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Emissions and ash behavior in a 500 kW pellet boiler operated with various blends of woody biomass and peat

机译：混合了木质生物质和泥炭的500 kW颗粒锅炉的排放和灰分行为

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摘要

Due to the increasing utilization of wood-based raw materials, there is growing interest in the use of alternative biomass raw materials for biomass pellet production. However, the utilization of these new raw materials may significantly increase particle emissions from small boilers, which can cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. In this study, the effects of biomass raw materials on particle and gaseous emissions and ash behavior were studied in a real-world operating 500 kW reciprocating grate boiler. The studied fuels were pellets, which consisted of softwood stem, bark, peat and various mixtures of these materials. The emission factors of the fine particles (PM1) ranged between 11 and 26 mg/MJ, which were primarily determined by alkali metal release from the fuel. The co-firing of peat with wood significantly decreased PM1 emissions. This decrease was observed because of the high silicate content in peat, which led to alkali silicate formation during co-combustion and, consequently, the retention of alkali metals in the bottom ash. In contrast, the release of trace metals into the fine particle fraction was independent of the fuel ash composition with the exception of Cu. The emissions of As, Cd, Pb, Tl, and Zn were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the fuel. The highest release rates, which were between 40% and 60%, were observed for zinc and lead. Zinc formed the majority of the total PM1 heavy metal emissions, and zinc emissions were especially high in bark combustion. On the basis of these results, fuel composition based indexes were derived for predicting particle emissions. The results highlight the importance of both the fuel alkali metal content and alkali metal/silicate ratio in the formation of fine particles with fuels that consist of woody biomass and peat. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：由于越来越多地利用木质原料，因此人们越来越多地将替代生物质原料用于生物质颗粒的生产。但是，这些新原料的利用可能会大大增加小型锅炉的颗粒物排放，从而可能对人体健康和环境造成不利影响。在这项研究中，在实际运行的500 kW往复炉排锅炉中，研究了生物质原料对颗粒和气体排放以及灰分行为的影响。研究的燃料是颗粒，由软木茎，树皮，泥炭和这些材料的各种混合物组成。微粒（PM1）的排放因子介于11和26 mg / MJ之间，这主要是由从燃料中释放的碱金属决定的。泥炭与木材的共烧大大降低了PM1的排放。观察到这种减少的原因是泥炭中硅酸盐含量高，这导致在共燃过程中形成碱金属硅酸盐，因此，碱金属保留在底灰中。相反，除铜外，痕量金属向细颗粒部分的释放与燃料灰分的成分无关。 As，Cd，Pb，Tl和Zn的排放量线性依赖于它们在燃料中的浓度。锌和铅的释放率最高，在40％至60％之间。锌占PM1重金属排放总量的大部分，而树皮燃烧中锌的排放量尤其高。基于这些结果，得出了基于燃料成分的指数，以预测颗粒物的排放。结果突出了燃料碱金属含量和碱金属/硅酸盐比在由木质生物质和泥炭组成的燃料形成细颗粒中的重要性。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2017年第15期|144-153|共10页
  • 作者

    Sippula Olli; Lamberg Heikki; Leskinen Jani; Tissari Jarkko; Jokiniemi Jorma;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Eastern Finland, Fine Particle & Aerosol Technol Lab, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;

    Univ Eastern Finland, Fine Particle & Aerosol Technol Lab, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;

    Univ Eastern Finland, Fine Particle & Aerosol Technol Lab, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;

    Univ Eastern Finland, Fine Particle & Aerosol Technol Lab, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;

    Univ Eastern Finland, Fine Particle & Aerosol Technol Lab, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, POB 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Biomass; Wood; Peat; Pellets; Particle emission; Ash; Alkali metal; Heavy metal; Aerosol; Co-combustion;

    机译：生物质;木材;泥炭;粒料;颗粒物排放;灰;碱金属;重金属;气溶胶;共燃;

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