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Anti-knock quality of sugar derived levulinic esters and cyclic ethers

机译：糖衍生的乙酰丙酸酯和环醚的抗爆质量

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摘要

The objective of this paper is to investigate the anti-knock quality of sugar-derived levulinic esters (methyl levulinate (ML) and ethyl levulinate (EL)) and cyclic ethers (furfuryl ethyl ether (FEE) and ethyl tetrahydrofurfuryl ether (ETE)). To this end, combustion experiments were carried out in both an engine and a constant volume autoignition device (modified ignition quality tester (IQT)). The results from both apparatuses demonstrate that ML, EL and FEE have superior anti-knock quality to the reference Euro95 gasoline. ETE, conversely, performed markedly worse than the reference fuel on both setups and might therefore be a more appropriate fuel additive for compression ignition engines. The main reason of the distinctions in anti-knock quality can be found in the molecular structure of the neat biofuels. ML and EL are levulinic esters, with a ketone (C=O) functionality and an ester (C(=O)-O) group on the carbon chain. They can readily produce stable intermediates during the auto-ignition process, thereby slowing down the overall reaction rate. The unsaturated cyclic ether (FEE) has very strong ring C-H bonds. However, the saturated cyclic ether (ETE) has weak ring C-H bonds, which facilitate more readily ring opening reactions. Ethyl side chains on the cyclic ethers further accelerate the reaction rate. Importantly for future research, our results suggest that the modified (IQT) and engine experiments are interchangeable setups with respect to qualitative anti-knock quality evaluation of novel compounds. (C) 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：本文的目的是研究糖衍生的乙酰丙酸酯（乙酰丙酸甲酯（ML）和乙酰丙酸乙酯（EL））和环醚（糠基乙基醚（FEE）和乙基四氢糠基醚（ETE））的抗爆质量。为此，在发动机和定容自动点火装置（改进的点火质量测试仪（IQT））中都进行了燃烧实验。两种设备的结果均表明，ML，EL和FEE的抗爆震性能优于参考Euro95汽油。相反，在两种设置下，ETE的性能均显着低于参考燃料，因此可能是压燃式发动机更合适的燃料添加剂。在纯生物燃料的分子结构中发现了抗爆品质差异的主要原因。 ML和EL是乙酰丙酸酯，在碳链上具有酮（C = O）官能团和酯（C（= O）-O）基团。它们可以在自燃过程中轻松产生稳定的中间体，从而减慢总反应速率。不饱和环醚（FEE）具有非常牢固的环C-H键。但是，饱和环醚（ETE）具有较弱的C-H环键，因此更易于开环反应。环状醚上的乙基侧链进一步加快了反应速度。重要的是，对于未来的研究，我们的结果表明，就新化合物的定性抗爆质量评估而言，改进的（IQT）和发动机实验是可互换的设置。 （C）2017作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2017年第15期|414-425|共12页
  • 作者

    Tian Miao; McCormick Robert L.; Luecke Jon; de Jong Ed; van der Waal Jan C.; van Klink Gerard P. M.; Boot Michael D.;

  • 作者单位

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands;

    Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15103 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA;

    Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15103 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA;

    Avantium, Zekeringstr 29, NL-1014 BV Amsterdam, Netherlands;

    Avantium, Zekeringstr 29, NL-1014 BV Amsterdam, Netherlands;

    Avantium, Zekeringstr 29, NL-1014 BV Amsterdam, Netherlands;

    Eindhoven Univ Technol, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands|Progress Ind BV, Den Dolech 2, NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven, Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Sugar; Engine knock; Octane booster; Levulinate; Furan;

    机译：糖;引擎爆震;辛烷值助剂;叶绿酸盐;呋喃;

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