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Experimental study of the composition of hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas on engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics

机译：富氢压缩天然气成分对发动机性能，燃烧和排放特性的实验研究

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Depletion of petroleum reserves and prevailing stringent emission legislations have motivated the researchers to develop and introduce alternative automotive fuels with an objective of reducing global emissions and reducing consumption of conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel. Natural gas has emerged as a widely accepted and used alternative automotive fuel in last couple of decades. However many properties of compressed natural gas (CNG) limit its use in high performance engines. CNG has relatively lower diffusivity, lower lean limit, requirement of high ignition energy, high coefficient of variation (COV) of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), low flame speed and high flame quenching distance compared to gasoline. These properties can be effectively improved by addition of hydrogen to CNG. In this experimental study on a single cylinder prototype hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) engine, investigations were done to explore the potential benefits of HCNG mixtures of different compositions on engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics. Results proved that HCNG is a superior fuel compared to CNG and it increases power output and torque in addition to lowering emissions. Hydrogen addition to CNG improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE), reduced brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake specific energy consumption (BSFC) and enhanced the combustion stability. Combustion parameters such as in-cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise (RoPR), heat release rate (HRR) and combustion duration also improved. Combustion pressure increased with hydrogen addition to CNG. Addition of hydrogen raised RoPR, HRR and CHR compared to CNG. Emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), carbon-monoxide (CO) and carbon-dioxide (CO2) reduced while nitrogen monoxide (NO) increased with hydrogen addition at a given brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). 30% HCNG (mixture of 30% (v/v) Hydrogen and 70% (v/v) natural gas) showed most optimum performance and emission benefits amongst the tested HCNG mixtures. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：石油储备的枯竭和现行严格的排放法规促使研究人员开发和引入替代性汽车燃料，目的是减少全球排放并减少汽油和柴油等常规燃料的消耗。在过去的几十年中，天然气已成为一种被广泛接受和使用的替代汽车燃料。但是，压缩天然气（CNG）的许多特性限制了其在高性能发动机中的使用。与汽油相比，压缩天然气具有相对较低的扩散率，较低的稀薄极限，高点火能量要求，指示平均有效压力（IMEP）的高变异系数（COV），低火焰速度和高火焰熄灭距离。通过向CNG中添加氢可以有效地改善这些性能。在此单缸原型富氢压缩天然气（HCNG）发动机的实验研究中，进行了调查，以探索不同成分的HCNG混合物对发动机性能，燃烧和排放特性的潜在好处。结果证明，HCNG与CNG相比是一种优越的燃料，除了降低排放外，它还增加了功率输出和扭矩。向压缩天然气中添加氢气可提高制动器的热效率（BTE），降低制动器的比燃料消耗（BSFC），降低制动器的比能耗（BSFC）并增强燃烧稳定性。诸如缸内压力，升压速率（RoPR），放热速率（HRR）和燃烧持续时间等燃烧参数也得到了改善。燃烧压力随向CNG中添加氢气而增加。与CNG相比，添加氢气提高了RoPR，HRR和CHR。在给定的制动平均有效压力（BMEP）下，添加氢气后，碳氢化合物（HC），一氧化碳（CO）和二氧化碳（CO2）的排放减少，而一氧化氮（NO）则增加。 30％HCNG（30％（v / v）氢气和70％（v / v）天然气的混合物）在测试的HCNG混合物中表现出最佳性能和排放效益。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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