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The formation and physical properties of the particle emissions from a natural gas engine

机译：天然气发动机颗粒物排放的形成和物理性质

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Natural gas engine particle emissions were studied using an old gasoline engine modified to run with natural gas. The tests were steady-state tests performed on two different low loads in an engine dynamometer. Exhaust particle number concentration, size distribution, volatility and electric charge were measured. Exhaust particles were observed to have peak diameters below 10 nm. To get the full picture of particle emissions from natural gas engines, size range 1-5 nm is relevant and important to take into consideration. A particle size magnifier (PSM) was used in this engine application for measuring particles smaller than 3 nm and it proved to be a useful instrument when measuring natural gas engine exhaust particles. It is concluded that the detected particles probably originated from the engine cylinders or their vicinity and grew to detectable sizes in the sampling process because a small fraction of the particles were observed to carry electric charge and the particles did not evaporate totally at 265 degrees C. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：使用改装为使用天然气运行的旧汽油发动机研究了天然气发动机的颗粒排放。测试是在发动机测功机中的两个不同的低负载下进行的稳态测试。测量了排气颗粒浓度，尺寸分布，挥发性和电荷。观察到排气颗粒的峰值直径低于10 nm。为了全面了解天然气发动机的颗粒物排放情况，尺寸范围1-5 nm是相关且重要的考虑因素。在此发动机应用中使用了粒度放大器（PSM）来测量小于3 nm的颗粒，事实证明它是测量天然气发动机废气颗粒时的有用仪器。结论是，被检测到的颗粒可能起源于发动机气缸或其附近，并在采样过程中增长到可检测的尺寸，因为观察到一小部分颗粒带有电荷，并且颗粒在265摄氏度时并未完全蒸发。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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