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首页> 外文期刊>Fuel >Effects of steam on the sulfation of limestone and NO_X formation in an air- and oxy-fired pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor
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Effects of steam on the sulfation of limestone and NO_X formation in an air- and oxy-fired pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor

机译：蒸汽对空气和氧气中试规模循环流化床燃烧器中石灰石的硫酸盐化和NO_X形成的影响

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摘要

The existing fluidized bed combustion literature on sulfation shows that above 30% conversion, direct sulfation via reaction with CaCO_3 is faster than indirect sulfation with CaO. However, while this is true for dry flue gases, it is not the case if steam (H_2O(_g)) is present at realistic levels for coal combustion, and it has been confirmed by experiments employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tube furnace (TF) testing that direct sulfation is in fact slower than indirect sulfation for nearly all levels of conversion if steam (H_2O(_g)) is present. In this work we have also examined the effects of H_2O(_g) on SO_2 capture and NH_3 oxidation to NO_X over calcium-containing compounds under air- and oxy-fired conditions in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC) utilizing limestone addition. The results of the pilotscale tests confirm suggestions from our previous work that sulfur capture from the air firing of lowmoisture fuels benefits from steam-sulfation. For petroleum coke, the addition of 8%vol H_2O(g) resulted in increased SO_2 retention and Ca utilization, as well as decreased NO_X emissions by up to 44%. The simultaneous reduction of SO_2 and NO_X was attributed to enhanced solid-state diffusion (sintering) by H_2O(_g). Under oxy-fuel-firing conditions, H_2O(_g) addition also resulted in decreased NO_X emissions, but the pilot-scale tests showed poorer sulfur capture performance and calcium utilization as compared to air firing when H_2O(_g) was present, thereby reconfirming the TGA/TF results. It appears that most bench-scale work on sulfation to date has underestimated the true rate of reaction for sulfation in the presence of H_2O(_g). This conclusion explains at least in part why indirect sulfation is often faster than direct sulfation in pilot plant studies on oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed combustion. Moreover, this work stresses the importance of including H_2O(_g) in bench-scale experiments that attempt to simulate real combustion environments.
机译：现有的关于硫酸化的流化床燃烧文献表明，转化率超过30％时，通过与CaCO_3反应进行直接硫酸化要比使用CaO进行间接硫酸化更快。但是，尽管对于干烟道气来说确实如此，但蒸汽（H_2O（_g））的存在水平并不适合燃煤，并且通过热重分析（TGA）和管式炉进行的实验已经证实了这一点（ TF）测试表明，如果存在蒸汽（H_2O（_g）），几乎所有转化水平的直接硫酸化实际上都比间接硫酸化慢。在这项工作中，我们还研究了在中试规模循环流化床燃烧器（CFBC）中利用石灰石添加对H_2O（_g）对含钙化合物在空气和氧气燃烧条件下SO_2捕获和NH_3氧化成NO_X的影响。 。中试测试的结果证实了我们先前工作的建议，即从低水分燃料的空气燃烧中捕获的硫得益于蒸汽硫酸化。对于石油焦，添加8％vol的H_2O（g）可以增加SO_2的保留量和Ca的利用率，并最多减少44％的NO_X排放量。 SO_2和NO_X的同时还原归因于H_2O（_g）增强的固态扩散（烧结）。在含氧燃料的燃烧条件下，添加H_2O（_g）也会减少NO_X的排放，但是中试规模的测试显示，与存在H_2O（_g）的情况相比，硫捕获性能和钙利用率较空气燃烧差，从而再次确认了TGA / TF结果。似乎迄今为止，大多数关于硫酸盐的实验规模工作都低估了在H_2O（_g）存在下硫酸盐化的真实反应速率。该结论至少部分解释了为什么在含氧燃料循环流化床燃烧试验工厂研究中，间接硫酸化通常比直接硫酸化更快。此外，这项工作强调了在试图模拟真实燃烧环境的台式规模实验中包括H_2O（_g）的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2012年第1期|p.107-115|共9页
  • 作者

    Michael C. Stewart; Robert T. Symonds; Vasilije Manovic; Arturo Macchi; Edward J. Anthony;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5;

    Canmet ENERCY, Natural Resources Canada, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 1M1;

    Canmet ENERCY, Natural Resources Canada, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 1M1;

    Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5;

    Canmet ENERCY, Natural Resources Canada, 1 Haanel Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 1M1;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    oxy-fuel CFBC; sulfation; SO_X and NO_X emissions; steam;

    机译：富氧CFBC;硫酸化SO_X和NO_X排放量;蒸汽;

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