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Structure of evaporating single- and multicomponent fuel sprays for 2nd generation gasoline direct injection

机译：用于第二代汽油直喷的蒸发单组分和多组分燃油喷雾的结构

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摘要

In the present paper the effect of fuel properties on spray formation and evaporation was investigated for a hollow-cone spray of a piezoelectric injector for Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engines. Late injection timing in a high-pressure atmosphere (1.5 MPa, 200 ℃) was simulated in an injection chamber. Liquid and vapor phase structure of the hollow-cone spray were studied with 2D-Mie scattering, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) as well as phase-Doppler anemometry (PDA). The spray structure was investigated for several alkanes with high and low volatility (n-hexane, n-heptane, iso-octane, n-decane) and a three-component mixture of the n-alkanes with similar fuel properties like a multicomponent gasoline fuel. It is found that the rapid evaporation of high volatility fuels can lead to spray destabilization, whereas low volatility single-component fuels overestimate radial spray propagation and vortex formation. For iso-octane the droplet size distribution is shifted to smaller droplets and the spray appeared to be less dense compared to n-heptane despite almost identical boiling behavior. However, the much higher viscosity of iso-octane determines the internal nozzle flow which results in a reduced injected fuel mass and changed atomization. A well defined three-component fuel models the global spray characteristics as well as the droplet size, droplet momentum distribution and evaporation behavior of the used multicomponent gasoline fuel very precisely. Small amounts of low volatility fractions delay the droplet evaporation and support the overall spray stability also for multicomponent mixtures. This leads to an increased spray width as well as larger droplet sizes and momenta. The evaporation characteristic of multicomponent fuels at increased ambient pressure is complex. At the studied injection conditions it is situated between the two limiting cases of distillation-like behavior and coevaporation of the components. Moreover, the results in comparison with theoretical estimations indicate a demixing of light and heavy boiling fractions in the three-component and multicomponent fuel under conditions which are typical for DISI strategies with late injection.
机译：在本文中，研究了用于直喷式火花点火（DISI）发动机的压电喷射器的空心圆锥形喷雾的燃料特性对喷雾形成和蒸发的影响。在注射室内模拟了高压气氛（1.5 MPa，200℃）中的后期注射正时。用2D-Mie散射，激光诱导荧光（LIF）以及相多普勒风速仪（PDA）研究了空心锥喷雾的液相和气相结构。研究了几种挥发性高和低的烷烃（正己烷，正庚烷，异辛烷，正癸烷）和具有类似燃料特性的正构烷烃的三组分混合物（如多组分汽油燃料）的喷雾结构。已经发现，高挥发性燃料的快速蒸发会导致喷雾不稳定，而低挥发性单组分燃料则高估了径向喷雾的传播和涡流的形成。对于异辛烷，尽管沸腾行为几乎相同，但与正庚烷相比，液滴尺寸分布转移到较小的液滴，并且喷雾似乎密度较小。但是，异辛烷的高得多的粘度决定了内部喷嘴的流量，从而导致喷射的燃料质量降低和雾化改变。定义明确的三组分燃料非常精确地模拟了整体喷雾特性以及所用多组分汽油燃料的液滴尺寸，液滴动量分布和蒸发行为。少量的低挥发性组分会延迟液滴的蒸发，并支持多组分混合物的整体喷雾稳定性。这导致增加的喷雾宽度以及更大的液滴尺寸和动量。在升高的环境压力下，多组分燃料的蒸发特性很复杂。在研究的注射条件下，它位于两个类似蒸馏行为和组分共蒸发的极限情况之间。而且，与理论估计值相比，结果表明在三组分和多组分燃料中轻馏分和重沸点的混合是在后期喷射DISI策略的典型条件下进行的。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2011年第1期|p.348-363|共16页
  • 作者

    L. Zigan; I. Schmitz; A. Fluegel; M. Wensing; A. Leipertz;

  • 作者单位

    LehrstuM fuer Technische Thermodynamik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuemberg, Am Weichsetgarten 8, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Niimberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany;

    LehrstuM fuer Technische Thermodynamik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuemberg, Am Weichsetgarten 8, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Niimberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany;

    LehrstuM fuer Technische Thermodynamik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuemberg, Am Weichsetgarten 8, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Niimberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany;

    LehrstuM fuer Technische Thermodynamik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuemberg, Am Weichsetgarten 8, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Niimberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany;

    LehrstuM fuer Technische Thermodynamik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuemberg, Am Weichsetgarten 8, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Niimberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    spray structure; evaporation; atomization; multicomponent fuels; gasoline direct injection;

    机译：喷雾结构蒸发;雾化多组分燃料;汽油直喷;

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