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Droplet size distribution and evaporation characteristics of fuel spray by a swirl type atomizer

机译：旋流式雾化器喷雾的液滴尺寸分布及蒸发特性

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Spray atomization and evaporation play extremely important roles in mixture formation and combustion processes of direct injection (DI) gasoline engines. In this study, the fundamental characteristics of a swirl spray injected into a constant volume vessel are investigated by means of several laser diagnostic techniques including the laser diffraction-based method for droplet size distribution, the laser induced fluorescence-particle image velocimetry for velocity distributions of droplets and spray-induced ambient air flow, and the two-wavelength laser absorption-scattering technique for concentration distributions of liquid and vapor phases in the spray. The results show that the droplets at outer zone of the spray exhibit larger diameter than those at inner zone under both ambient pressures 0.1 and 0.4 MPa. While this can be partially attributed to the effect of spray-induced ambient air flow, the strength of ambient air flow become small when increasing the ambient pressure from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa, indicating the strong influence of spray dynamics on the droplet size distribution. In the evaporating spray, there are higher vapor concentrations near the spray axis than at peripheral zones. At 4.0 ms after start of injection, spray droplets almost completely evaporate under ambient temperature 500 K and pressure 1.0 MPa, but there are significantly amount of fuels with equivalence ratio below 0.5 in the spray. Reduction in ambient pressure promotes the air entrainment and droplet evaporation, but lowered ambient pressure results in more fuel vapor of equivalence ratio above 1.3 along the spray axis.
机译：喷雾雾化和蒸发在直接喷射（DI）汽油发动机的混合物形成和燃烧过程中起着极其重要的作用。在这项研究中，通过几种激光诊断技术研究了注入恒定体积容器中的旋流喷雾的基本特性，包括基于激光衍射的液滴尺寸分布方法，激光诱导的荧光粒子图像测速仪的速度分布等。液滴和喷雾诱导的周围空气流动，以及用于喷雾中液相和气相浓度分布的双波长激光吸收散射技术。结果表明，在环境压力为0.1和0.4 MPa时，喷雾外部区域的液滴直径大于内部区域的液滴直径。尽管这可以部分归因于喷雾引起的环境空气流的影响，但是当环境压力从0.1 MPa增加到0.4 MPa时，环境空气流的强度变小，这表明喷雾动力学对液滴尺寸分布的强烈影响。在蒸发喷雾中，喷雾轴线附近的蒸气浓度高于周围区域。在开始喷射后的4.0 ms，在环境温度500 K和1.0 MPa的压力下，喷雾液滴几乎完全蒸发，但是喷雾中的当量比低于0.5的燃料量明显增加。环境压力的降低促进了空气的夹带和液滴的蒸发，但是降低的环境压力会导致更多的当量比的燃料蒸气沿喷雾轴方向高于1.3。

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