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Separation of CO_2 from flue gas using electrochemical cells

机译：使用电化学池从烟气中分离CO_2

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摘要

Past research with high temperature molten carbonate electrochemical cells has shown that carbon dioxide can be separated from flue gas streams produced by pulverized coal combustion for power generation. However, the presence of trace contaminants, i.e., sulfur dioxide and nitric oxides, will impact the electrolyte within the cell. If a lower temperature cell could be devised that would utilize the benefits of commercially-available, upstream desulfurization and denitrification in the power plant, then this CO_2 separation technique can approach more viability in the carbon sequestration area. Recent work has led to the assembly and successful operation of a low temperature electrochemical cell. In the proof-of-concept testing with this cell, an anion exchange membrane was sandwiched between gas-diffusion electrodes consisting of nickel-based anode electrocatalysts on carbon paper. When a potential was applied across the cell and a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide was flowed over the wetted electrolyte on the cathode side, a stream of CO_2 to O_2 was produced on the anode side, suggesting that carbonate/bicarbonate ions are the CO_2 carrier in the membrane. Since a mixture of CO_2 and O_2 is produced, the possibility exists to use this stream in oxy-firing of additional fuel.rnFrom this research, a novel concept for efficiently producing a carbon dioxide rich effluent from combustion of a fossil fuel was proposed. Carbon dioxide and oxygen are captured from the flue gas of a fossil-fuel combustor by one or more electrochemical cells or cell stacks. The separated stream is then transferred to an oxy-fired combustor which uses the gas stream for ancillary combustion, ultimately resulting in an effluent rich in carbon dioxide. A portion of the resulting flow produced by the oxy-fired combustor may be continuously recycled back into the oxy-fired combustor for temperature control and an optimal carbon dioxide rich effluent.
机译：过去对高温熔融碳酸盐电化学电池的研究表明，可以从煤粉燃烧产生的烟道气中分离二氧化碳。但是，痕量污染物，即二氧化硫和一氧化氮的存在会影响电池内的电解质。如果可以设计出一个低温电池，利用发电厂中商业上可获得的上游脱硫和反硝化的好处，那么这种CO_2分离技术可以在碳固存区域实现更大的生存能力。最近的工作已导致低温电化学电池的组装和成功运行。在此电池的概念验证测试中，将阴离子交换膜夹在由碳纸上的镍基阳极电催化剂组成的气体扩散电极之间。当在整个电池上施加电势并且氧气和二氧化碳的混合物流过阴极侧的湿电解质时，在阳极侧产生了CO_2至O_2的物流，这表明碳酸盐/碳酸氢根离子是CO_2的载体在膜上。由于产生了CO_2和O_2的混合物，因此有可能将这种物流用于附加燃料的氧燃烧。从这项研究中，提出了一种新颖的概念，可以有效地利用化石燃料的燃烧生产富含二氧化碳的废水。一个或多个电化学电池或电池堆从化石燃料燃烧器的烟道气中捕获二氧化碳和氧气。然后将分离出的物流转移到氧气燃烧室，该燃烧室使用该气流进行辅助燃烧，最终产生富含二氧化碳的废水。可以将由氧燃烧器产生的一部分所得流连续地循环回到氧燃烧器中，以进行温度控制和最佳的富含二氧化碳的流出物。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2010年第6期|p.1307-1314|共8页
  • 作者

    Henry W. Pennline; Evan J. Granite; David R. Luebke; John R. Kitchin; James Landon; Lisa M. Weiland;

  • 作者单位

    US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States;

    US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States;

    US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States;

    Camegie Mellon University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States;

    Camegie Mellon University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States;

    University of Pittsburgh, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    carbon dioxide sequestration; carbon capture and separation; electrochemical separation;

    机译：二氧化碳隔离碳捕获和分离;电化学分离;

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