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A comparison of injector flow and spray characteristics of biodiesel with petrodiesel

机译：生物柴油与石油柴油的喷射器流量和喷雾特性比较

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摘要

Performance and emission characteristics of compression ignition engines depend strongly on inner nozzle flow and spray behavior. These processes control the fuel air mixing, which in turn is critical for the combustion process. The differences in the physical properties of petrodiesel and biodiesel are expected to significantly alter the inner nozzle flow and spray structure and, thus, the performance and emission characteristics of the engine. In this study, the inner nozzle flow dynamics of these fuels are characterized by using the mixture-based cavitation model in FLUENT v6.3. Because of its lower vapor pressure, biodiesel was observed to cavitate less than petrodiesel. Higher viscosity of biodiesel resulted in loss of flow efficiency and reduction in injection velocity. Turbulence levels at the nozzle orifice exit were also lower for biodiesel. Using the recently developed KH-ACT model, which incorporates the effects of cavitation and turbulence in addition to aerodynamic breakup, the inner nozzle flow simulations are coupled with the spray simulations in a "quasi-dynamic" fashion. Thus, the influence of inner nozzle flow differences on spray development of these fuels could be captured, in addition to the effects of their physical properties. Spray penetration was marginally higher for biodiesel, while cone angle was lower, which was attributed to its poor atomization characteristics. The computed liquid lengths of petrodiesel and biodiesel were compared with data from Sandia National Laboratories. Liquid lengths were higher for biodiesel due to its higher boiling temperature and heat of vaporization. Though the simulations captured this trend well, the liquid lengths were underpredicted, which was attributed to uncertainty about the properties of biodiesel used in the experiments. Parametric studies were performed to determine a single parameter that could be used to account for the observed differences in the fuel injection and spray behavior of petrodiesel and biodiesel; fuel temperature seems to be the best parameter to tune.
机译：压燃式发动机的性能和排放特性在很大程度上取决于内部喷嘴的流量和喷雾行为。这些过程控制了燃料空气的混合，这对燃烧过程至关重要。预计石油柴油和生物柴油的物理特性差异会显着改变内部喷嘴的流量和喷雾结构，从而改变发动机的性能和排放特性。在这项研究中，通过使用FLUENT v6.3中基于混合物的空化模型来表征这些燃料的内部喷嘴流动动力学。由于其较低的蒸气压，因此观察到生物柴油的空化作用小于石油柴油。生物柴油的较高粘度导致流动效率的损失和注射速度的降低。对于生物柴油，喷嘴孔出口处的湍流水平也较低。使用最近开发的KH-ACT模型，该模型除了具有空气动力破坏功能外，还包含空化和湍流的影响，内部喷嘴流动模拟与喷雾模拟以“准动态”方式耦合。因此，除了它们的物理性质的影响之外，还可以捕获内部喷嘴流量差异对这些燃料的喷雾形成的影响。生物柴油的喷雾渗透率略高，而锥角较低，这归因于其较差的雾化特性。将计算出的石油柴油和生物柴油的液体长度与桑迪亚国家实验室的数据进行了比较。由于生物柴油的沸腾温度较高和汽化热较高，因此液体长度较高。尽管模拟很好地抓住了这一趋势，但液体长度却被低估了，这归因于实验中所用生物柴油的性能不确定。进行了参数研究以确定单个参数，该参数可用于解释所观察到的石油柴油和生物柴油的燃料喷射和喷雾行为差异。燃油温度似乎是调整的最佳参数。

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  • 来源
    《Fuel》 |2010年第12期|p.4014-4024|共11页
  • 作者

    S. Som; D.E. Longman; A.I. Ramirez; S.K. Aggarwal;

  • 作者单位

    Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;

    rnArgonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;

    rnDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 1L 60607, USA;

    rnDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 1L 60607, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    biodiesel; diesel; primary breakup; cavitation; spray;

    机译：生物柴油柴油机;主要分手;空化喷雾;

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