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The effect of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration on soot formation In non-premixed flames

机译：氧气和二氧化碳浓度对非预混火焰中烟尘形成的影响

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The influence of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide as diluents in the oxidizer side on soot formation was studied by lime Resolved Laser Induced Incandescence (TIRE-LII) and TEM photography in non-premixed co-flowing flames. TIRE-LII method was used to measure the distribution of two-dimensional soot volume fraction and primary particle size. The soot was directly sampled by the thermophoretic method, and its diameter was examined by TEM photography. Two suitable delay times of the TIRE-LII method affecting measurable range and sensitivity were determined by comparing TEM photographs with the TIRE-LII signal. The effects of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide as diluents in the oxidizer side on soot formation were investigated with these calibrated techniques. An O_2 + (CO_2. N_2, and [Ar + CO_2]) mixtures in co-flow were used to isolate carbon dioxide effects systematically. The primary particle number concentration and soot volume fraction were abruptly decreased by the addition of carbon dioxide to co-flow. This suppression was resulted from the short residence time in inception region because of the late nucleation and the decrease of surface growth distance by the low flame temperature due to the higher thermal capacity and the chemical change of carbon dioxide. The increase of oxygen concentration in the co-flow caused an enhancement of soot nucleation and thus the residence time increase, but the specific growth rate showed almost the same value regardless of the co-flow mixture in the growth region. This result suggests that the specific growth rate has a weak dependence on the relative change of co-flow conditions in non-premixed co-flowing flames.
机译：在非预混共流火焰中，通过石灰分辨激光诱导白炽灯（TIRE-LII）和TEM摄影研究了氧化剂侧氧气浓度和二氧化碳作为稀释剂对烟灰形成的影响。 TIRE-LII方法用于测量二维烟灰体积分数和一次粒径的分布。通过热泳法直接对烟灰进行采样，并通过TEM摄影检查其直径。通过将TEM照片与TIRE-LII信号进行比较，确定了TIRE-LII方法影响可测范围和灵敏度的两个合适的延迟时间。用这些校准技术研究了氧化剂侧的氧气浓度和二氧化碳作为稀释剂对烟灰形成的影响。顺流中的O_2 +（CO_2。N_2和[Ar + CO_2]）混合物用于系统隔离二氧化碳的影响。通过将二氧化碳加入到共流中，初级颗粒数浓度和烟灰体积分数突然降低。这种抑制是由于成核后期的滞留时间短，这是由于后期成核作用以及由于较高的热容量和二氧化碳的化学变化导致的低火焰温度导致的表面生长距离的减小。并流中氧气浓度的增加引起烟灰成核的增强，因此停留时间增加，但是比生长速率显示几乎相同的值，而与生长区域中的并流混合物无关。该结果表明，在非预混共流火焰中，比增长率对并流条件的相对变化具有弱依赖性。

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