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Comparison of trace element contents in low-temperature and high-temperature ash from coals and biomass

机译：煤和生物质中低温和高温灰分中微量元素含量的比较

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Four coal samples and three biomass samples have been ashed by low-temperature (LTA) and high-temperature (HTA) methods and a range of trace elements have been measured in the coals, biomass and ash samples. Digestion of solids was by both wet ashing and by microwave digestion with examination of the resulting solutions by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for certain elements. Hg was estimated by a spectrometric method. The trace elements examined were Be, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb and Hg. Changes in concentration in the LTA and HTA compared with the raw materials were observed. For LTAs, Se and Hg were partially lost while Ba became more insoluble in nitric acid, indicating a change to Ba sulfate. The behaviour of trace elements in the coals on conversion to HTAs was as established by earlier work and followed the expected trends, with Se, Hg, As, Cd, Pb, Zn being at least partially volatile. Trace element concentrations were generally greater in the coals than in the biomass samples, except for Mn, Cu and Zn which were more concentrated in the biomass samples.
机译：通过低温（LTA）和高温（HTA）方法灰化了四个煤样品和三个生物质样品，并在煤，生物质和灰分样品中测量了一系列微量元素。固体的消解既可以通过湿灰分进行，也可以通过微波消解进行，通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对某些元素检查所得溶液。汞通过光谱法估算。检测的痕量元素为Be，V，Cr，Mn，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn，Ga，As，Se，Mo，Cd，Sb，Ba，Pb和Hg。观察到LTA和HTA中的浓度与原料相比变化。对于LTA，Se和Hg会部分丢失，而Ba变得更不溶于硝酸，表明已变为硫酸钡。煤中痕量元素转化为HTA的行为已由早期工作确立，并遵循预期趋势，其中Se，Hg，As，Cd，Pb，Zn至少部分挥发。煤中的痕量元素浓度通常比生物质样品中的高，除了锰，铜和锌在生物质样品中的浓度更高。

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