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首页> 外文期刊>Fuel >Co-firing of coal and cattle feedlot biomass (FB) fuels. Part Ⅱ. Performance results from 30 kW_t (100,000) BTU/h laboratory scale boiler burner
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Co-firing of coal and cattle feedlot biomass (FB) fuels. Part Ⅱ. Performance results from 30 kW_t (100,000) BTU/h laboratory scale boiler burner

机译：煤和牛饲养场生物质燃料的共烧。第二部分。 30 kW_t（100,000）BTU / h实验室规模锅炉燃烧器的性能结果

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摘要

The use of cattle manure (referred to as feedlot biomass, FB) as a fuel source has the potential to both solve waste disposal problems and reduce fossil fuel based CO_2 emissions. A co-firing technology is proposed where FB is ground, mixed with coal, and then fired in existing, pulverized coal-fired boiler burner facilities. A research program was undertaken in order to determine (ⅰ) fuel characteristics, (ⅱ) combustion characteristics when fired along with coal in a small scale 30-kW_t (100,000 BTU/h) boiler burner facility, and (ⅲ) combustion and fouling characteristics when fired along with coal in a large pilot scale 150-kW_t (500,000 BTU/h) DOE-NETL boiler-burner facility. Part Ⅰ presented a methodology for fuel collection, fuel characteristics of the FB, its relation to ration fed, and the change in fuel characteristics and volatile oxides due to composting. Part Ⅱ addresses the pyrolysis characteristics of coal, FB, and blend and presents results on the performance of 90:10 coal:FB (PC) blend as fired in a 30-kW_t boiler-burner unit. The boiler-burner unit is made of steel and lined with a cast ceramic liner for long duration operation and a commercial feeding system is used for firing the coal and the blend. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) performed on coal, FB, and 90:10 coal:FB blend reveal that biomass will start releasing gases at 273 ℃ (523 ℉) which is about 100 ℃ (212 ℉) lower than that of coal. The maximum rate of volatile release is about 0.000669 kg/s kg for FB while that of coal is 0.000425 kg/s kg. The experiments revealed that the 90:10 blend burns more completely in the boiler, due to the earlier release of biomass volatiles and higher amount of volatile matter in FB. The NO_x emission for coal was 290 ppm, 0.162 kg/GJ (0.3768 lb/mm BTU) and 260 ppm, 0.1475 kg/GJ (0.343 lb/mm BTU) for the 90:10 blend at 10% excess air. Even though the effective N content of the blend increased by 18%, compared to coal the NO_x emission decreased which is attributed to the higher VM of FB and more N in the form of NH_3. However, due to limited residence time and higher VM, the CO emission increased from 15,582 ppm, 5.29 kg/GJ (12.305 lb/mm BTU) to 22,669 ppm, 7.81 kg/GJ (18.16 lb/mm BTU) when fuel was switched from coal to 90:10 blend. Large scale pilot plant tests performed at the 150-kW_t facility (DOE-NETL) reveal increased falling potential for the blend compared to coal (Part III), emissions were negligible.
机译：使用牛粪（称为肥育场生物质，FB）作为燃料来源有可能解决废物处置问题并减少基于化石燃料的CO_2排放。提出了一种共烧技术，其中将FB研磨，与煤混合，然后在现有的粉煤锅炉燃烧器设施中进行燃烧。为了确定（ⅰ）燃料特性，（ⅱ）在小型30 kW_t（100,000 BTU / h）锅炉燃烧器中与煤一起燃烧时的燃烧特性以及（ⅲ）燃烧和结垢特性，进行了一项研究计划。当以150 kW_t（500,000 BTU / h）的大型中试规模与煤一起燃烧时，DOE-NETL锅炉燃烧器设施。第一部分介绍了燃料收集的方法，燃料电池的燃料特性，它与进料量的关系以及堆肥导致燃料特性和挥发性氧化物的变化。第二部分论述了煤，FB和混合物的热解特性，并介绍了在30 kW_t锅炉-燃烧器单元中燃烧的90:10煤：FB（PC）混合物的性能。锅炉燃烧器由钢制成，衬有铸造陶瓷衬里，可长时间运行，商用供料系统用于燃烧煤和混合物。对煤，FB和90:10煤：FB混合物进行的热重分析（TGA）显示，生物质将在273℃（523℉）处开始释放气体，该气体比煤的温度低约100℃（212℉）。 FB的最大挥发释放速率约为0.000669 kg / s kg，而煤的最大挥发释放速率为0.000425 kg / s kg。实验表明，由于生物质挥发物的释放较早以及FB中挥发物含量较高，90:10混合物在锅炉中燃烧更完全。在10％的过量空气下，混合比例为90:10的煤的NO_x排放量为290 ppm，0.162 kg / GJ（0.3768 lb / mm BTU）和260 ppm，0.1475 kg / GJ（0.343 lb / mm BTU）。即使掺合物的有效N含量增加了18％，但与煤相比，NO_x排放却减少了，这归因于FB的较高VM和以NH_3形式存在的N。但是，由于停留时间有限和较高的VM，当从燃料中更换燃料时，CO排放量从15,582 ppm，5.29 kg / GJ（12.305 lb / mm BTU）增加到22,669 ppm，7.81 kg / GJ（18.16 lb / mm BTU）。煤以90:10的比例混合。在150 kW_t设施（DOE-NETL）上进行的大规模试验工厂测试表明，与煤炭相比，掺混物的下降潜力有所增加（第三部分），排放量可以忽略不计。

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