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A microscopic approach to determine the origin and mechanism of coke formation in fractionation towers

机译：确定分馏塔焦炭来源和机理的微观方法

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摘要

This study investigated the deposition of coke in a fractionation tower following thermal cracking of heavy feedstocks. A simple microscopic technique was used to determine whether the coke formed in situ in the fractionator or was formed elsewhere (e. g. in the reactor vessel) and was subsequently entrained in the vapour phase. The reflectance of coke types, mode of occurrence, and distributions from the bottom to the top of the fractionator were used to interpret the range of temperatures responsible for coke formation. Both isotropic and anisotropic (mosaic) coke was observed in the samples. The anisotropic textural features indicated that asphaltenes carry-over was a minor problem and that the vast majority of the isotropic coke precursors were the maltenes present in the gas phase that entered the fractionator. The formation of perfectly spherical mesophase was attributed to the gas oil stream itself used to quench the vapours exiting the thermal cracking vessel. Microscopic evidence, along with metals concentration in the coke at various locations of the operation provided useful information as to the nature of the coke precursors.
机译：这项研究调查了重质原料热裂解后在分馏塔中焦炭的沉积情况。使用一种简单的显微镜技术来确定焦炭是在分馏器中原位形成还是在其他地方（例如在反应器容器中）形成，然后被夹带在气相中。焦炭类型，发生方式以及分馏塔底部到顶部的分布的反射率用于解释造成焦炭形成的温度范围。在样品中均观察到各向同性和各向异性（马赛克）焦炭。各向异性的结构特征表明，沥青质的残留是一个小问题，并且绝大多数各向同性的焦炭前体是进入分馏塔的气相中存在的麦芽糖。完全球形中间相的形成归因于用于骤冷离开热裂化容器的蒸气的粗柴油流本身。微观证据以及操作中各个位置的焦炭中的金属浓度提供了有关焦炭前体性质的有用信息。

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