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Iron chemistry in petroleum production☆

机译：石油生产中的铁化学☆

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The aqueous chemistry of iron in souring petroleum reservoirs was modeled in the laboratory. The salt FeSO_4.7H2O was allowed to react with Na_2S.9H_2O in synthetic seawater solutions for three days at 55--85deg.C. Elemental sulfur and crude oil were added to some of the reactions. The major iron precipitates formed were carbonates and sulfides, e.g. FeCO_3, FeS, Fe_3S_4 and FeS_2. These were also found in production solids from the Alaska North Slope. In the laboratory modeling experiments, the amount of precipitate increased with increasing Na_2S.9H_2O, and the identity of the precipitates depended on the amount of Na_2S.9H_2O. Elemental sulfur had little effect on what phases formed, but it lowered yields. For a series of reactions with two equivalents of added Na_2S.9H_2O for each equivalent of FeSO_4.7H_2O, the product mass increased at basic pH. A pathway was proposed for iron sulfide formation, in which HS -- combines with aqueous iron(II) to give FeS and, subsequently, FeS_2 and Fe_3S_4, which are produced from FeS when S~2- is oxidized to S~2-_2, and when Fe(II) is partly oxidized to Fe(III), respectively.
机译：在实验室中模拟了酸性石油储层中铁的水化学性质。使FeSO_4.7H2O盐与合成海水溶液中的Na_2S.9H_2O在55--85°C下反应三天。将元素硫和原油添加到一些反应中。形成的主要铁沉淀是碳酸盐和硫化物，例如铁。 FeCO_3，FeS，Fe_3S_4和FeS_2。在阿拉斯加北坡的生产固体中也发现了这些物质。在实验室模拟实验中，随着Na_2S.9H_2O的增加，析出物的数量增加，而析出物的身份取决于Na_2S.9H_2O的含量。元素硫对形成的相几乎没有影响，但降低了收率。对于一系列反应，每当量FeSO_4.7H_2O加入两当量的Na_2S.9H_2O，产品质量在碱性pH下增加。提出了一种形成硫化铁的途径，其中HS-与含水铁（II）结合生成FeS，然后生成FeS_2和Fe_3S_4，它们是在S〜2-被氧化为S〜2-_2时由FeS生成的。 ，以及当Fe（II）部分氧化为Fe（III）时。

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