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PTCP: A priority-based transport control protocol for timeout mitigation in commodity data center

机译：PTCP：一种基于优先级的传输控制协议，用于缓解商品数据中心的超时

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In data centers, the occurrence of timeout for TCP may hurt its data transmission performance dramatically, causing problems like TCP Incast, TCP Outcast and long query completion time. To mitigate timeouts, the transport protocol should try to maintain a small switch queue to avoid the packet loss and recover lost packets quickly. Recent work suggests using Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), Round Trip Time (RTT) or the in-network signal to achieve that. However, these solutions either still suffer from many timeouts when the number of concurrent flows becomes larger or require the nontrivial hardware support. The limitations motivate us to design a Priority-based Transport Control Protocol termed PTCP to mitigate timeouts as far as possible for commodity data center. The key idea of PTCP is that it inserts a high priority packet following each window of data packets. The key insight is that since the priorities of data packets and the inserted packet are different, they may arrive at the receiver in different sequences depending on the network congestion. By checking the sequences of the received ACKs of the two kinds of packets, PTCP can infer the network congestion to guide the fine adjustment of its sending window such that the switch buffer occupation is kept small. Additionally, by keeping the high priority packet always in flight, PTCP could determine to retransmit the possible lost data packets quickly. With the two mechanisms, PTCP significantly alleviates timeouts even when the number of concurrent flows becomes large. Furthermore, PTCP only requires the priority queuing function of switch, which is available in existing commodity switch hardware. Thus, it does not require the hardware modification. Extensive performance evaluation is conducted to demonstrate that PTCP has zero timeout and better performance for problems like TCP Incast, TCP Outcast and long query completion time compared with several state-of-the-art protocols. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在数据中心中，TCP超时的发生可能会严重损害其数据传输性能，从而导致诸如TCP Incast，TCP Outcast和较长的查询完成时间之类的问题。为了减轻超时，传输协议应尝试保持较小的交换队列，以避免数据包丢失并快速恢复丢失的数据包。最近的工作建议使用显式拥塞通知（ECN），往返时间（RTT）或网络内信号来实现此目的。但是，当并发流数量变大时，这些解决方案仍然会遭受许多超时的困扰，或者需要非凡的硬件支持。这些限制促使我们设计一种称为PTCP的基于优先级的传输控制协议，以尽可能减少商品数据中心的超时。 PTCP的关键思想是在每个数据包窗口之后插入一个高优先级的包。关键见解是，由于数据包和插入的包的优先级不同，因此它们可能会根据网络拥塞以不同的顺序到达接收器。通过检查两种数据包的已接收ACK的顺序，PTCP可以推断网络拥塞情况，以指导其发送窗口的微调，从而使交换缓冲区占用保持较小。此外，通过使高优先级数据包始终处于运行状态，PTCP可以确定快速重新传输可能丢失的数据包。通过这两种机制，即使并发流数量变大，PTCP也会大大缓解超时问题。此外，PTCP仅需要交换机的优先级排队功能，这在现有的商用交换机硬件中可用。因此，它不需要硬件修改。进行了广泛的性能评估，以证明PTCP与几种最新的协议相比，在TCP Incast，TCP Outcast和较长的查询完成时间等问题上具有零超时和更好的性能。 （C）2019 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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