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MR functional cardiac imaging: Segmentation, measurement and WWW based visualisaiton of 4D data

机译:MR功能心脏成像:基于分割,测量和基于WWW的4D数据可视化

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摘要

This paper considers the problem of ventricular segmentation and visualisation from dynamic (4D) MR cardiac data covering an entire patient cardiac cycle, in a format that is compatible with the web. Four different methods are evaluated for the process of segmentation of the objects of interest: The K-means clustering algorithm, the fuzzy K-means (FKM) algorithm, self-organizing maps( SOMs) and seeded region growing algorithm. The technique of active surface is then subsequently applied to refine the segmentation results, employing a deformable generalised cylinder as geometric primitive. The final ventricular models are presented in VRML 2.0 format. The same process is repeated for all the 3D volumes of the cardiac cycle. The radial displacement between end systole and end diastole is calculated for each point of the active surface and is encoded in colour on the VRML vertex, using the RGB colour model. Using the VRML 2.0 specifications, morphing is performed showing all cardiac phases in real time. The expert has the ability to view the objects and interact with them using a simple internet browser. Preliminary results of normal and abnormal and abnormal cases indicate that very important pathological situations (such as infarction) can be visualised and thus easily diagnosed and localised with the assistance of the proposed technique.
机译:本文考虑了覆盖整个患者心脏周期的动态(4D)MR心脏数据以与网络兼容的格式进行心室分割和可视化的问题。针对感兴趣对象的分割过程,评估了四种不同的方法:K均值聚类算法,模糊K均值(FKM)算法,自组织图(SOM)和种子区域增长算法。然后,使用可变形的广义圆柱体作为几何图元,随后应用有效表面技术来细化分割结果。最终的心室模型以VRML 2.0格式显示。对心动周期的所有3D体积重复相同的过程。对于活动表面的每个点,计算收缩期末和舒张末期之间的径向位移,并使用RGB颜色模型在VRML顶点上进行颜色编码。使用VRML 2.0规范,执行变形以实时显示所有心脏相位。专家具有使用简单的Internet浏览器查看对象并与它们进行交互的能力。正常,异常和异常病例的初步结果表明,可以将非常重要的病理情况(例如梗塞)可视化,从而借助所提出的技术可以轻松地进行诊断和定位。

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