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Scheduling of grid-tied battery energy storage system participating in frequency response services and energy arbitrage

机译：参与频率响应服务和能源套利的并网电池储能系统的调度

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摘要

Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are widely used to smooth power fluctuations and maintain the voltage and frequency of the power feeder at a desired level. The National Grid Electricity Transmission (NGET), the primary electricity transmission network operator in the UK, has introduced various frequency response services that are designed to provide a real-time response to deviations in the grid frequency. In this study, a control algorithm is developed which generates a charge/discharge power output with respect to deviations in the grid frequency and the requisite service specifications. Using historical UK electricity prices, a new balancing service scheduling approach has also been developed to maximise energy arbitrage revenue by layering different types of balancing services throughout the day. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm delivers both dynamic and non-dynamic firm frequency response and also an enhanced frequency response to NGET specifications while generating arbitrage revenue as well as service availability payments in the balancing market. A comparative study is also presented to compare the yearly arbitrage revenue obtained from the work presented in this study and a previous reference study. Finally,, experimental results of a grid-tied 2 MW/1 MWh BESS have been used for verification purposes.
机译：电池储能系统（BESS）广泛用于平滑功率波动并将供电器的电压和频率维持在所需水平。英国主要的输电网络运营商美国国家电网输电（NGET）已推出了各种频率响应服务，旨在对电网频率的偏差提供实时响应。在这项研究中，开发了一种控制算法，该算法针对电网频率的偏差和必要的服务规格生成充电/放电功率输出。利用英国的历史电价，还开发了一种新的平衡服务调度方法，以通过全天不同层次的平衡服务来最大化能源套利收入。仿真结果表明，所提出的算法既可以提供动态和非动态的公司频率响应，也可以增强对NGET规范的频率响应，同时在平衡市场中产生套利收入和服务可用性费用。还提出了一项比较研究，以比较从本研究和先前的参考研究中获得的年度套利收入。最后，并网2 MW / 1 MWh BESS的实验结果已用于验证目的。

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