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首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Characterization of stem rust resistance in old tetraploid wheat landraces from the Watkins collection
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Characterization of stem rust resistance in old tetraploid wheat landraces from the Watkins collection

机译：Watkins收藏品中老四倍体小麦地方品种的茎锈病抗性特征

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摘要

Stem rust is one of the important diseases of tetraploid wheats worldwide. One hundred and five landraces from the Watkins collection were assessed for seedling and adult plant stem rust response variation. Seedling resistance genes Sr8a, Sr8b, Sr9e, Sr9g, Sr12, Sr13, Sr17 and Sr23 were postulated in 28 genotypes using Australian and Indian Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici pathotypes. Four genotypes possessed either uncharacterized seedling stem rust resistance gene(s) or combinations of known stem rust resistance genes with compensating avirulences among pathotypes used. Adult plant stem rust response assessments were made on 73 seedling susceptible genotypes in Australia and Ethiopia. Adult plant stem rust responses varied from 1 (very resistant) to 7 (moderately susceptible) on a 1–9 scale. The Ethiopian nursery was exposed to Ug99 (TTKSK) and JRCQC (virulent on Sr9e and Sr13). Some genotypes that exhibited high responses in Australia were scored low in Ethiopia. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of some resistance gene(s) that were ineffective in Australia. The opposite trend was also noted. Over 50 % genotypes exhibited commercially acceptable rust responses varying between 2 and 5 across sites and years. Genotyping with the Sr2-linked molecular marker csSr2 did not detect Sr2 in any of the genotypes. The marker gwm533 however detected the presence of Sr2 in eight genotypes. Stem rust resistant genotypes that carried varying levels of APR could carry new genes. Genetic analysis and deployment of these uncharacterized sources of seedling and APR in new cultivars will ensure durable stem rust control through increased diversity.
机译：茎锈是全世界四倍体小麦的重要疾病之一。评估了Watkins收集的105个地方品种的幼苗和成年植物茎锈病的响应变化。利用澳大利亚和印度的Puccinia graminis f推测了28个基因型的幼苗抗性基因Sr8a，Sr8b，Sr9e，Sr9g，Sr12，Sr13，Sr17和Sr23。 sp。小麦的致病型。四种基因型具有未鉴定的幼苗茎杆锈病抗性基因或已知的茎杆锈病抗性基因的组合，并在所使用的病原体之间具有补偿性的无毒力。在澳大利亚和埃塞俄比亚对73种幼苗易感基因型进行了成年植物茎锈病反应评估。成年植物茎锈病的响应范围从1（非常抗）到7（中等敏感），范围为1–9。埃塞俄比亚的苗圃暴露于Ug99（TTKSK）和JRCQC（在Sr9e和Sr13上具有毒力）。在澳大利亚表现出高响应性的某些基因型在埃塞俄比亚得分较低。这些结果证明了一些在澳大利亚无效的抗性基因的有效性。也注意到了相反的趋势。超过50％的基因型显示出商业上可接受的锈反应，跨站点和年份范围介于2和5之间。用Sr2连接的分子标记csSr2进行的基因分型未在任何基因型中检测到Sr2。但是，标记gwm533检测到八种基因型中Sr2的存在。携带不同水平APR的抗茎锈病基因型可以携带新基因。这些新品种的幼苗和APR的这些未鉴定来源的遗传分析和部署将通过增加多样性来确保持久控制茎锈病。

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