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首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Production and cytogenetics of trigeneric hybrid involving Triticum, Psathyrostachys and Secale
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Production and cytogenetics of trigeneric hybrid involving Triticum, Psathyrostachys and Secale

机译：小麦，沙棘和芥的三基因杂种的生产和细胞遗传学

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摘要

Trigeneric hybrids may help establish evolutionary relationships among different genomes present in the same cellular-genetic background, and also offers the possibility to transfer different alien characters into cultivated wheat. In this study, a new trigeneric hybrid involving species from the Triticum, Psathyrostachys and Secale was synthesized by crossing wheat-P. huashanica amphiploid (PHW-SA) with wheat-S. cereale amphiploid (Zhongsi 828). The crossability of F1 hybrid was high with 35.13%, and the fertility was 41.95%. The morphological characteristics of F1 plants resembled the parent Zhongsi 828. The trigeneric hybrids pollen mother cells (PMCs) regularly revealed averagely 19.88 univalents, 9.63 ring bivalents, 3.97 rod bivalents, 0.60 trivalents and 0.03 tetravalents per cell. Multivalents consisted of trivalents and tetravalents can be observed in 52.7% of cells. A variation of abnormal lagging chromosome, micronuclei and chromosome bridge were formed at anaphase I and telophase II. The mean chromosomes number of F2 progenies was 2n = 46.13, and the distribution range was 42–53. GISH results revealed that most F2 plants had 6–12 S. cereale chromosomes, and only 0–2 P. huashanica chromosomes were detected. The results indicated that S. cereale chromosomes can be preferentially transmitted in the F2 progenies of trigeneric hybrid than P. huashanica chromosomes. A survey of disease resistances revealed that the stripe rust resistance from the PHW-SA were completely expressed in the F1 and some F2 plants. The trigeneric hybrid could be a useful bridge for the transference of P. huashanica and S. cereale chromatins to common wheat.
机译：三基因杂种可以帮助建立在相同细胞遗传背景中存在的不同基因组之间的进化关系，并且还提供了将不同的外来特性转移到栽培小麦中的可能性。在这项研究中，通过与小麦-P杂交，合成了一个新的三属杂种，涉及小麦，小麦和水芥的种。华山二倍体（PHW-SA）与小麦-S。谷物二倍体（中四828）。 F 1 杂种的可交性较高，为35.13％，育性为41.95％。 F 1 植物的形态特征类似于亲本Zhongsi828。三基因杂种花粉母细胞（PMC）通常每细胞平均平均显示19.88单价，9.63环二价，3.97杆二价，0.60三价和0.03四价。 。在52.7％的细胞中可以观察到由三价和四价组成的多价。在后期I和末期II形成异常滞后染色体，微核和染色体桥的变异。 F 2 后代的平均染色体数为2n = 46.13，分布范围为42–53。 GISH结果表明，大多数F 2 植物均具有6–12个谷类链霉菌染色体，而仅检测到0–2个华山假单胞菌染色体。结果表明，与华山假单胞菌相比，三链杂种的F 2 子代可以优先传播谷类链霉菌的染色体。对疾病抗性的一项调查显示，PHW-SA的条锈病抗性在F 1 和一些F 2 植物中完全表达。三基因杂种可能是华山假单胞菌和谷类葡萄球菌染色质向普通小麦转移的有用桥梁。

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