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Exploring the population genetics of genebank and historical landrace varieties

机译：探索种质库和历史地方品种的种群遗传

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摘要

Landrace accessions have long been recognized as an important source of genetic diversity for crop species, and landraces are stored in genebanks across the world as genetic resources for future crop development. Landraces are also an important part of the human cultural heritage and as such they have been used for genetic studies to make inferences about historical agriculture. However, surprisingly little is known about the within-accession diversity of landrace crops of different species. In order to evaluate the diversity of Swedish landraces we used microsatellite markers to genotype accessions of four species (barley, pea, oats and rye), both extant genebank material and 114-year-old seed samples of similar geographic origin and type. We found consistently high levels of within-population genetic diversity in the historical material, but varying and often lower diversity levels in the genebank accessions. We also make tentative conclusions about how representative the genebank material is to what was originally cultivated in its reported area of origin and suggest that the true identity of the genebank accessions is unclear and that historical seed collections should be a more appropriate material for the study of historical agriculture.
机译：长期以来，地方品种的加入一直被认为是作物物种遗传多样性的重要来源，而地方品种作为全球未来作物发展的遗传资源被储存在世界各地的种质库中。地方品种也是人类文化遗产的重要组成部分，因此，它们已被用于基因研究以推论历史农业。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对不同物种的地方品种的种内差异了解甚少。为了评估瑞典地方品种的多样性，我们使用微卫星标记对四种种（大麦，豌豆，燕麦和黑麦）的基因型登录，既有现有的种质库材料，也有具有相似地理起源和类型的114年种子。我们在历史资料中发现种群内遗传多样性的水平一直很高，但是种质库种质的多样性水平经常变化，并且通常较低。我们还就种质库材料与其最初报道的原产地所具有的代表性相比具有初步代表性，并提出种质库材料的真实身份尚不清楚，而且历史种子收藏应更适合用于研究种质资源。历史农业。

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