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Geochemical exploration for gold in Jamaica: a comparison of stream sediment and soil surveys

机译：牙买加金的地球化学勘探：河流沉积物和土壤调查的比较

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摘要

The geology of Jamaica is reviewed with reference to gold. Two geochemical surveys, one employing stream sediments for mineral exploration in selected regions of Jamaica considered a priori to have greater mineral potential, and the other an island-wide low-density soil survey to meet agro-environmental objectives, were undertaken in 1986 and 1988, respectively. The paper presents an interpretation of the previously unpublished soil data for gold, and undertakes a comparison of the two surveys in terms of their effectiveness for gold exploration. The stream sediment survey (1 site per 1 km2) led to the discovery of three new gold occurrences, one of which became a producing mine in 2001, and the recognition of two previously known auriferous districts. The low-density soil survey (1 site per 64 km2) identified the host rocks of three of these auriferous districts as having gold potential, including those of the producing mine, demonstrating its value as a broad-scale regional mineral reconnaissance tool. Geochemical studies of gold in Jamaica are complicated by the presence of transported palaeo-anomalies, related to Miocene ash-falls, in terra rossa soils in karst terrain. The Fe/Na ratio is an index of soil maturity and increases over two-and-a-half orders of magnitude with increasing soil age and mature. The plotting of Au versus the Fe/Na ratio in soils offers a simple procedure for identifying samples most likely to be related to gold occurrences in bedrock, i.e. high Au and low Fe/Na ratio. It is concluded that in the specific instance of Jamaica's high relief terrain and the apparent limitation of gold occurrences to the Cretaceous Inliers and Eocene Wagwater Trough underlying those high relief areas, stream sediment sampling is the most effective mineral exploration tool.
机译：牙买加的地质学以金为参考。两次 地球化学调查，其中一项在牙买加的选定区域使用流式沉积物进行矿物 勘探，认为先验 具有更大的矿产潜力，而另一项为满足农业环境目标，在全岛范围内进行 低密度土壤调查， 分别于1986年和1988年进行。本文介绍了 先前未发布的有关 金的土壤数据的解释，并就 的两次调查对黄金的有效性进行了比较。勘探。河流沉积物 调查（每1 km 2 1个站点）导致发现了三个新的 金矿，其中一个成为生产矿山在2001年， 并认可了两个先前已知的含金地区。 低密度土壤调查（每64 km 2 1个站点）确定了这三个含金地区的 岩体具有 的金矿潜力，包括生产矿山的金矿，证明了 作为大型区域的价值 牙买加的金的地球化学研究由于与中新世 灰落相关的被输送的古异常的 存在而变得复杂。喀斯特地形中的terra rossa土壤。 Fe / Na 比是土壤成熟度的指标，随着土壤年龄的增加和成熟程度的增加，在两个半年级以上增加。 对土壤中金/铁/钠比的绘图提供了一种简单的 方法，用于识别与基岩中金矿的发生最可能相关的样品得出结论，在牙买加的高 起伏地形和金矿的明显局限性 的特定情况下，得出结论。 sup>对于白垩纪内陆和始新世沃格水槽下面的那些高起伏地带，河流沉积物采样是最有效的矿物勘探工具。

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