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首页> 外文期刊>Geoforum >Imaginaries of development through extraction: The 'History of Bolivian Petroleum' and the present view of the future
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Imaginaries of development through extraction: The 'History of Bolivian Petroleum' and the present view of the future

机译：通过提取来发展的想象：“玻利维亚石油的历史”和对未来的当前看法

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摘要

This article offers a reading of the ideas expressed in Walter Solon Romero Gonzales' mural, the 'History of Bolivian Petroleum' from 1956, and juxtaposes these ideas to the current public discourse that emerges from speeches of high officials and from policy documents of President Evo Morales' government. The objective is to investigate the understanding of the role natural resources vis-a-vis development in Bolivia at these two points in time and show the striking resonance between ideas depicted in the mural more than half a century ago and ideas expressed in contemporary official discourses. These ideas concern the foundational elements of a development model that envisions a central role for natural resources, and especially hydrocarbons, in the development of the country. The elements of this model, that include a prominent role of the state in the extraction of natural resources, expansive social policies, strategies to diversify the economy, neatly overlap with the central tenets of the neoextractivist model. It transpires that the novelty of neoextractivism can be fundamentally questioned. This model also provides the rationale justifying the promotion of extractive activities 'at all costs' in Bolivia and beyond. However, history has shown that it produces fantasies of development rather than actual development.
机译：本文提供了Walter Solon Romero Gonzales壁画（1956年以来的“玻利维亚石油的历史”）中表达的思想的解读，并将这些思想与高级官员的演讲和Evo总统的政策文件中出现的当前公共话语并列。莫拉莱斯政府。目的是调查在这两个时间点上对玻利维亚自然资源相对于发展的作用的理解，并显示半个多世纪以前壁画中描述的思想与当代官方话语中表达的思想之间的惊人共鸣。 。这些想法与发展模型的基本要素有关，该模型设想了自然资源，尤其是碳氢化合物在国家发展中的核心作用。该模型的要素包括国家在开采自然资源中的突出作用，广泛的社会政策，使经济多样化的策略，与新极端主义模型的核心宗旨巧妙地重叠。可以证明，新极端主义的新颖性可以从根本上受到质疑。这种模式还提供了合理的理由，证明玻利维亚及其以外地区不惜一切代价促进采掘活动。但是，历史表明，它产生了发展的幻想而不是实际的发展。

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