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Payments for ecosystem services and social justice: Using recognition theories to assess the Bolivian Acuerdos Reciprocos por el Agua

机译：为生态系统服务和社会正义付费：使用识别理论评估玻利维亚Acuerdos Reciprocos por el Agua

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Payments for ecosystem services (PES) have been the subject of a great amount of literature among which questions of social justice are an important topic. However, we show that most of these studies tend to depoliticize the debate by considering mostly liberal and redistributive notions of justice. We argue that injecting the notion of recognition allows a better depiction of complex local power dynamics and situations of (in)justice. We, therefore, briefly review the social and political philosophical theories of recognition before using the notion of recognition as an analytical tool to assess a Bolivian PES (Acuerdos Reciprocos por el Agua, ARA). We show how PES transform recognition relationships between upstream service providers and the formerly rather disinterested service consumers, including municipal authorities, by creating new narratives and channels of recognition. We also highlight the fragility of this process as well as the persisting misrecognition of the poorest of the poor (immigrants, small landowners) that is strengthened by this PES at the intra-community level. Finally, we highlight the potential instrumental use of recognition that could be made by PES promoters as well as counter-hegemonic use potentially made by marginalized actors.
机译：为生态系统服务付费（PES）已成为大量文献的主题，其中社会正义问题是一个重要的主题。但是，我们表明，这些研究大多数都倾向于通过主要考虑自由主义和再分配正义概念来使辩论非政治化。我们认为，注入承认的概念可以更好地描述复杂的地方权力动态和司法状况。因此，在使用识别概念作为评估玻利维亚PES（Acuerdos Reciprocos por el Agua，ARA）的分析工具之前，我们先简要回顾一下识别的社会和政治哲学理论。我们将展示PES如何通过创建新的叙述和认可渠道，来改变上游服务提供商与以前相当无私的服务消费者（包括市政当局）之间的识别关系。我们还强调了此过程的脆弱性，以及在社区内部层面上的该PES加强了对最贫穷者（移民，小土地所有者）中最贫穷者的持续误认。最后，我们重点介绍了PES启动子可能会使用的识别工具，以及边缘化参与者可能会进行的反霸权使用。

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