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首页> 外文期刊>Geoforum >Vulnerability and resistance to neoliberal environmental changes: An assessment of agriculture and forestry in the Biobio region of Chile (1974-2014)
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Vulnerability and resistance to neoliberal environmental changes: An assessment of agriculture and forestry in the Biobio region of Chile (1974-2014)

机译：脆弱性和对新自由主义环境变化的抵抗力：对智利比奥比奥地区农业和林业的评估（1974-2014年）

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摘要

This article examines the dynamics of double exposure, vulnerability, and resistance to neoliberal globalization and environmental change in the Chilean agricultural region of Biobio. By using climatic models and secondary Agricultural Census data from 1997 and 2007, we assess how Chilean neoliberal reforms have, since 1974, facilitated land use changes and forestry investments. We demonstrate that policy changes which incentivize forestry investments have reduced cultivated agricultural lands and native forest, and concentrated land in the hands of global agribusiness corporations. Compounding these issues, Biobio shows a climatic trend towards aridity coupled with an increasing demand for irrigation. Analyzing these conditions, we argue that the neoliberal globalization of regional agriculture under the context of climatic changes has produced a regional space of increasing vulnerabilities and uneven geographical development in Biobio. We particularly demonstrate that the Chilean mode of agricultural neoliberalization has been conducive to land dispossession to the detriment of traditional agriculture and has homogenized the biophysical landscape, replacing traditional crops and native forests with exotic species like pines and eucalyptus. We also examine how local producers are using resistance movements to cope with and contest neoliberal environmental changes. We conclude by evaluating the implications of these spaces of agricultural vulnerabilities and local resistances in the context of uneven geographical development at a regional and global scale. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本文研究了智利Biobio农业地区两次接触，脆弱性以及对新自由主义全球化和环境变化的抵抗的动态。通过使用气候模型和1997年至2007年的第二次农业普查数据，我们评估了自1974年以来智利的新自由主义改革如何促进了土地利用的变化和林业投资。我们证明，激励林业投资的政策变化减少了耕地和原生林，并减少了全球农业综合企业的土地集中。使这些问题更加复杂的是，Biobio显示出干旱的气候趋势以及对灌溉的日益增长的需求。通过分析这些条件，我们认为在气候变化的背景下区域农业的新自由主义全球化已经产生了一个区域空间，在该区域中，生物生物的脆弱性不断增加，地理发展也不平衡。我们特别证明，智利的农业新自由化模式有利于土地处置，从而损害了传统农业，并使生物物理景观同质化，用松树和桉树等外来物种取代了传统作物和原生林。我们还研究了当地生产者如何利用抵抗运动来应对和应对新自由主义环境的变化。我们通过评估在区域和全球范围内地理发展不平衡的背景下这些农业脆弱性和地方抵抗力量的影响来得出结论。 （c）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Geoforum》 |2015年第3期|107-122|共16页
  • 作者

    Torres Robinson; Azocar Gerardo; Rojas Jorge; Montecinos Aldo; Paredes Patricio;

  • 作者单位

    Arizona State Univ, CONICYT Becas Chile, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA|Arizona State Univ, PhD Program Environm Social Sci, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA;

    Univ Concepcion, Land Planning & Urban Syst Unit, Ctr Environm Sci EULA Chile, Concepcion, Chile;

    Univ Concepcion, Fac Social Sci, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Concepcion, Chile;

    Univ Concepcion, Fac Phys Sci & Math, Dept Geophys, Concepcion, Chile;

    Univ Concepcion, Land Planning & Urban Syst Unit, Ctr Environm Sci EULA Chile, Concepcion, Chile;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Agriculture and forestry; Land use changes; Land dispossession; Climate change; Vulnerability; Resistance;

    机译：农业与林业;土地利用变化;土地处置;气候变化;脆弱性;抵抗力;

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