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An alternative mechanism for the earthquake-induced displacement of the Lower San Fernando Dam

机译：下圣费尔南多大坝地震诱发位移的替代机制

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The 1971 San Fernando earthquake led to the failure and large displacement of the Lower San Fernando Dam (LSFD) that was constructed by the hydraulic filling method. As such, hydraulic filling has been recognised as producing liquefiable sand deposits, while in situ relative densities as large as 60% have been reported in the LSFD. On the other hand, laboratory element tests on loosest pluviated (through air or water, resembling the soil fabric produced by hydraulic filling) specimens of primarily quartz sands have been dilative, questioning the failure mechanism of the LSFD. In this paper, the LSFD during the 1971 San Fernando earthquake is studied using the results of improved sliding block deformation analyses that incorporate shearing behaviour of two sands with different mineralogies (quartz sand and albite sand with some carbonates) from ring shear tests. The results indicate that sand particle composition and compressibility in the LSFD may have caused its failure and very large deformations even at a dense state (relative density ~60%).
机译：1971年的圣费尔南多大地震导致了采用液压填充方法建造的下圣费尔南多大坝（LSFD）的破坏和大位移。因此，水力充填已被认为可产生可液化的砂沉积物，而在LSFD中据报道原位相对密度高达60％。另一方面，对于主要石英砂的最松散的（通过空气或水，类似于由液压填充产生的土壤织物）样品的实验室元素测试一直比较耗时，这质疑了LSFD的失效机理。在本文中，使用改进的滑块变形分析的结果对1971年圣费尔南多地震期间的LSFD进行了研究，该分析结合了环剪切试验中两种具有不同矿物学特征的砂（石英砂和钠长石砂以及某些碳酸盐）的剪切行为。结果表明，即使在致密状态（相对密度约为60％）下，LSFD中的沙粒组成和可压缩性也可能导致其破坏和非常大的变形。

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