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Permeability Test Results With Packed Spheres and Non-Plastic Soils

机译：填充球和非塑性土壤的渗透性测试结果

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This paper examines permeability test results with packed spheres and non-plastic soils. Most tests on packed spheres were performed in physics and chemistry, using liquids or gases to measure the intrinsic permeability, K (m(2)). All K (m(2)) were converted into saturated hydraulic conductivity k(sat) (m/s). Equal spheres and spheres having a unimodal or multimodal grain size distribution curve (GSDC) were tested. We point out interesting differences between the approaches in physics, geotechnique, and hydrogeology, then discuss difficulties with testing methods, before analyzing all test data. We propose a method to fit a GSDC with either a single, or a sum of lognormal equations, which gives a closed-form expression for the specific surface. Then, we assess the performance of predictive methods for k(sat), including the Kozeny-Carman equation. A few methods, which use only a mean particle size, are shown to give excellent predictions for equal spheres and unimodal packings. Other methods, which use the effective size d(10) and the void ratio e, are also shown to give excellent predictions for packed spheres and non-plastic soils, in the ranges for which they were initially developed. A new equation is proposed, which successfully predicts k(sat) in the range from 1 to 10(-10) m/s, when the parameter [d(10)(2) e(3)/(1+e)] varies from 10(-9) to 10(2) mm(2), for spheres and non-plastic natural soils.
机译：本文研究了填充球和非塑性土壤的渗透性测试结果。对填充球的大多数测试都是在物理和化学上进行的，使用液体或气体来测量固有渗透率K（m（2））。所有K（m（2））都转换为饱和水力传导率k（sat）（m / s）。测试了相等的球体和具有单峰或多峰晶粒尺寸分布曲线（GSDC）的球。我们指出了物理，地球技术和水文地质学方法之间的有趣差异，然后在分析所有测试数据之前讨论测试方法的困难。我们提出了一种使用单个或对数正态方程的总和拟合GSDC的方法，该方法为特定表面提供了封闭形式的表达式。然后，我们评估k（sat）的预测方法的性能，包括Kozeny-Carman方程。显示了一些仅使用平均粒径的方法，可以很好地预测相等的球体和单峰堆积。还显示了使用有效尺寸d（10）和空隙比e的其他方法，可以在最初开发的范围内为填充球和非塑性土壤提供出色的预测。提出了一个新的方程，当参数[d（10）（2）e（3）/（1 + e）]成功预测k（sat）在1到10（-10）m / s范围内时对于球形和非塑性天然土壤，其变化范围从10（-9）到10（2）mm（2）。

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