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首页> 外文期刊>Geotechnique >Penetrometer testing in a calcareous silt to explore changes in soil strength
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Penetrometer testing in a calcareous silt to explore changes in soil strength

机译：在钙质淤泥中测试探测土壤强度的变化

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摘要

This paper describes a centrifuge study using a range of penetrometer tests (T-bar, piezocone and free-fall piezocone) to explore strength changes in a reconstituted, normally consolidated, natural calcareous silt. Various penetrometer test procedures were applied to measure the penetration resistances including monotonic, cyclic and twitch-type movements as well as pauses for pore pressure dissipation. These mobilised combinations of partial or full remoulding, strain softening, consolidation and viscous rate effects. The penetrometer resistance - representing a proxy for strength - reduced by a factor of 4.1 from drained to undrained conditions (at the lowest fully undrained penetration rate). In undrained conditions, viscous enhancement of the penetration resistance raised the tip and shaft resistance in free-fall piezocone tests by similar to 2.8 and similar to 3.6 times, respectively. The 'restart' resistance immediately after the dissipation tests was similar to 2.5 times higher than the resistance prior to dissipation, giving an indication of consolidation-induced strength gain. The 'twitch' test (using sequential steps decreasing the velocity) captured drainage and viscous rate effects, and also gave a 'restart' resistance that showed even greater consolidation effects than from a dissipation test. Overall, the different penetrometer test types and procedures measured resistances in the same soil sample that varied by a factor exceeding 20 from highest to lowest, resulting from different penetration rates and history, due to strain rate, strain level (or remoulding) and consolidation. An expression for the monotonic penetration resistance combining drainage and viscous rate effects was fitted to the response of all tests, spanning 7 orders of magnitude in strain rate.
机译：本文介绍了一种使用一系列进化仪测试（T-Bar，PieZocone和Free-Fall Cizocone）的离心机研究，以探索重构，通常合并的天然钙质淤泥的强度变化。应用各种渗透性计测试程序来测量包括单调，循环和抽搐式运动的穿透抗性以及孔隙压力耗散的暂停。这些动员组合的部分或全重复，菌株软化，固结和粘性率效应。渗透性计电阻 - 代表强度的代理 - 从排水到不统治条件下减少了4.1的因子（以最低的完全不变的渗透率）。在不介绍的条件下，渗透性阻力的粘性增强使得自由降调压区测试中的尖端和轴阻力分别与2.8相似，同样为3.6倍。在耗散试验后立即“重启”阻力比在耗散之前的电阻高2.5倍，表明整合诱导的强度增益。 “抽搐”测试（使用顺序步骤降低速度）捕获的排水和粘性速率效应，并且还给出了比耗散测试更大的固结效果的“重启”电阻。总体而言，不同的渗透性计测试类型和程序在同一块土壤样品中测量的电阻，其因子超过20从最高到最低的因子，由不同的穿透速率和历史导致，由于应变率，应变水平（或重复）和固结。单调渗透性的表达组合引流和粘性速率效应拟合所有测试的响应，跨越应变率的7个级别。

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