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Contributions to Geotechnique 1948-2008: Constitutive and numerical modelling

机译：对Geotechnique 1948-2008的贡献：本构模型和数值模型

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A review of the first 60 years of Geotechnique publications shows clearly how the subject of soil mechanics has evolved. In terms of constitutive and numerical modelling of soil, early forms of numerical analysis involved hand calculations of ultimate states applying classical methods of analysis: limit equilibrium, limit analysis or stress field solutions. Consequently, the soil was considered to behave as a rigid plastic material, and to follow one of the two basic failure laws of classical soil mechanics, namely the Tresca or Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. For assessing the deformation of structures, soil was normally considered to be linear elastic. The foundations of modern numerical analysis and constitutive modelling were laid in the early to mid 1960s, with the development of the finite element method and the postulation of the critical state framework of soil behaviour respectively. Clearly, the continuous advancement of computer power has been essential in applying new developments to modern geo-technical analysis. This paper reviews some of the main milestones in the evolution of geotechnical analysis in the past 60 years, commenting, where appropriate, on what problems still lie ahead.
机译：对Geotechnique出版物最初60年的回顾清楚地表明了土壤力学这一主题是如何演变的。在土壤的本构模型和数值模型方面，数值分析的早期形式涉及采用经典分析方法（极限平衡，极限分析或应力场解决方案）手动计算极限状态。因此，土壤被认为是一种刚性的塑料材料，并遵循经典土壤力学的两个基本破坏定律之一，即Tresca或Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则。为了评估结构的变形，通常将土壤视为线性弹性。随着有限元方法的发展和土壤行为的临界状态框架的提出，现代数值分析和本构模型的基础在1960年代初至中期开始。显然，计算机功能的不断发展对于将新的发展应用于现代岩土工程分析至关重要。本文回顾了过去60年中岩土工程分析发展的一些主要里程碑，并在适当情况下评论了仍然存在哪些问题。

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