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首页> 外文期刊>Geothermics >Chemical reaction path modeling of hydrothermal mineralization in the Tongonan geothermal field, Leyte (Philippines)
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Chemical reaction path modeling of hydrothermal mineralization in the Tongonan geothermal field, Leyte (Philippines)

机译：汤特南地热田热液矿化的化学反应路径模拟（菲律宾）

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The study of hydrothermal processes in an active geothermal system provides an excellent opportunity to test the equilibrium between the hydrothermal mineral assemblage and present-day fluid. Simulations of selected hydrothermal processes in the Tongonan geothermal system were performed to ascertain the effectiveness of different depositional mechanisms for hydrothermal minerals. Hydrothermal processes, such as boiling, fluid mixing and water-rock interaction were simulated using the reaction path programme CHILLER. Adiabatic boiling was done from 300 to 100 ℃. The steam-heated end-member used for the mixing was generated by titrating the vapor phase at 100 ℃ after boiling of the primary water and mixing with a sample of the groundwater. Water-rock interaction in the Tongonan geothermal field was simulated by titrating andesite into 1 kg of primary water at 300 ℃. Adiabatic boiling resulted in the precipitation of a sequence containing paragenetically early traces of gold with quartz, followed by quartz, acanthite, chalcocite and late quartz and base metals. Mixing of the steam-heated water with the boiled primary water resulted in the formation of the ore minerals acanthite, bornite, chalcocite, covellite, galena, pyrite, and sphalerite. Gangue minerals include anhydrite, Mg-chlorite, alunite, kaolinite, muscovite, and quartz. The mineral assemblages predicted using the water-rock interaction calculations provide a close approximation to the hydrothermal alteration commonly observed for measured temperatures of 300 ℃. Minerals predicted to precipitate include tremolite, actinolite, diopside, and epi-dote, together with anhydrite. These minerals are observed to occur in hot regions of the geothermal system. The results of the chemical modeling suggest that the combination of boiling, mixing and water-rock interaction could precipitate the hydrothermal minerals in a Tongonan-like geothermal system. However, the absence of some minerals predicted by the simulation (e.g. acanthite and calcite) suggests that physico-chemical conditions other than those assumed in the simulations are prevailing in the system.
机译：对活跃地热系统中水热过程的研究为检验热液矿物组合与当今流体之间的平衡提供了极好的机会。对汤加南地热系统中选定的热液过程进行了模拟，以确定不同沉积机制对热液矿物的有效性。使用反应路径程序CHILLER模拟了水热过程，例如沸腾，流体混合和水-岩相互作用。绝热沸腾温度为300至100℃。用于混合的蒸汽加热的末端构件是通过在一次水沸腾后在100℃下滴定气相并与地下水样品混合而产生的。通过在300℃下将安山岩滴定到1 kg的原水中，模拟了汤加南地热田中的水-岩相互作用。绝热沸腾导致析出的序列中含有先结晶后微量的金和石英，随后是石英，a石，球墨铸铁以及晚期石英和贱金属。蒸汽加热的水与沸腾的原水的混合导致形成了矿石矿物a石，斑铜矿，方铅矿，方铅矿，方铅矿，黄铁矿和闪锌矿。石矿物包括硬石膏，镁亚氯酸盐，亚矾石，高岭石，白云母和石英。通过水-岩相互作用计算预测的矿物组合提供了与通常在300℃的测量温度下观察到的水热变化的近似值。预计会沉淀的矿物包括透闪石，阳起石，透辉石和Epi-dote，以及硬石膏。观察到这些矿物存在于地热系统的高温区域。化学模拟的结果表明，沸腾，混合和水-岩相互作用的结合可以使类似汤加南的地热系统中的热液矿物沉淀。但是，由于没有通过模拟预测的某些矿物（例如，can石和方解石），表明该系统中存在着除模拟假设的物理化学条件以外的其他条件。

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