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Reevaluating the German labor market miracle

机译:重新评估德国劳动力市场奇迹

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From 2003 to 2018, employment in Germany increased by 7.3 million, or by 19.3 % – growth not observed since unification. This “labor market miracle” was marked by a persistent and significant expansion of both part-time and low-wage jobs and a deterioration in pay for these jobs, while total hours hardly increased; overall wage growth returned only after 2011. These developments followed in the wake of the landmark Hartz reforms (2003–2005). A modified framework of Katz and Murphy (1992) predicts negative correlation of wages with both relative employment and participation across cells in the period following these reforms. In contrast, wage moderation alone should generate positive association of wages and participation. Our findings are most consistent with a persistent, positive labor supply shock at given working-age population in a cleared labor market. An alternative perspective of labor markets, the search and matching model, also points to the Hartz IV reforms as the central driver of the German labor market miracle.
机译:从2003年到2018年,德国的就业人数增加了730万,或者自统一以来未观察到19.3%的增长。这项“劳动力市场奇迹”是由兼职和低工资工作的持续和重大扩张,以及对这些工作的支付劣化,而总数几乎没有增加;仅在2011年之后才会返回整体工资增长。在地标Hartz改革之后,这些发展遵循(2003-2005)。 Katz和Murphy(1992)的修改框架预测了在这些改革后的时期相对就业和跨细胞的工资与参与的负相关性。相比之下,单独的工资适度应产生积极的工资和参与。我们的调查结果最符合持续,积极的劳动力供应震动,在特定的劳动力市场中的工作年龄人口。劳动力市场,搜索和匹配模型的另一种观点,也指向德国劳动力市场奇迹的中心驾驶员的Hartz IV改革。

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