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Disintegration and acceleration of Thwaites Ice Shelf on the Amundsen Sea revealed from remote sensing measurements

机译：遥感测量显示阿蒙森海Thwaites冰架的解体和加速

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摘要

Thwaites Ice Shelf in the Amundsen Sea is one of the biggest ice shelves in West Antarctica and is well known for significant mass changes. In the shear zone between Thwaites Glacier Tongue and its eastern ice shelf, shear stress forced by different flow rates of the ice shelves is causing the ice to break apart. A time series analysis of remote sensing data obtained by Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), TerraSAR-X, and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) revealed that the shear zone has extended since 2006 and eventually disintegrated in 2008. We quantified the acceleration of Thwaites Ice Shelf with time by using the feature tracking method. The buttressing loss induced by the extension of the shear zone and progressive disintegration accelerated the flow of Thwaites Glacier Tongue, which in turn increased the shear stress on its eastern ice shelf. We determine causes of disintegration in the newly formed shear zone to be oceanic basal melting and structural weakening induced by Circumpolar Deep Water intrusion beneath the eastern ice shelf since 2000. The structural weakening was examined by using the density distribution of rifts and crevasses on the ice shelf, which were well identified from high-resolution SAR and optical satellite images.
机译：阿蒙森海的斯威特斯冰架是南极洲西部最大的冰架之一，以质量发生重大变化而闻名。在Thwaites冰川舌头与其东部冰架之间的剪切带中，由于冰架流速不同而产生的剪应力使冰破裂。对Landsat 7增强型专题测绘仪增强版（ETM +），TerraSAR-X和机载合成孔径雷达（SAR）所获得的遥感数据进行时间序列分析后发现，剪切带自2006年以来一直在扩展，并最终在2008年解体。通过使用特征跟踪方法来加速Thwaites冰架的时间。剪切带的延伸和逐渐崩解引起的支撑损失加速了Thwaites冰川舌的流动，这反过来又增加了其东部冰架的剪切应力。我们确定新形成的剪切带解体的原因是自2000年以来东冰架下方的极地深水侵入引起的海洋基底融化和结构减弱。通过使用冰上裂痕和裂缝的密度分布来研究结构减弱架子，可以从高分辨率SAR和光学卫星图像中很好地识别出来。

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