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Strength and spatial patterns of the Holocene wintertime westerlies in the NE Atlantic region

机译：东北大西洋地区全新世冬季西风的强度和空间格局

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摘要

Two records of July temperature and two records of reconstructed winter precipitation along the western coast of Norway have been combined to examine regional patterns in glacier activity and winter precipitation during the Holocene. The maritime glaciers in western Norway are mainly controlled by winter precipitation. Hence, fluctuations in magnitude and equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) of these glaciers reflect variability in wintertime atmospheric circulation patterns in the northeast Atlantic region. By combining an independent proxy for summer temperature with reconstructed ELAs during the Holocene, it is possible to reconstruct former winter precipitation. We track the dominant position of the westerlies during the Holocene by comparing records of winter precipitation along a 2000 km south-north coastal transect in Norway. Analyses of modern data on the evolution of the polar vortex indicate that there is a strong relationship between polar vortex and storm-track variability over the North Atlantic. Periods with increased winter precipitation along the coast of Norway are associated with a stronger effect of the westerlies, where differences in the distribution of precipitation are assumed to reflect changes in the position of the westerlies. The largest precipitation anomalies caused by a dominant southerly position of the westerlies are found around 2.8, 1.2 and 0.4 ka yrs BP. However, a general humid phase prevailed between 2.3 and 0.9 ka yrs BP.
机译：结合两份7月温度记录和两份挪威西部沿海冬季降水重建记录，以研究全新世期间冰川活动和冬季降水的区域格局。挪威西部的海洋冰川主要受冬季降水的控制。因此，这些冰川的大小和平衡线高度（ELA）的波动反映了东北大西洋地区冬季大气环流模式的变化。通过将全新的夏季气温独立指标与全新世期间重建的ELA结合，可以重建以前的冬季降水。通过比较挪威南北沿海2000公里沿线冬季降水的记录，我们跟踪了全新世期间西风的主导地位。关于极地涡旋演化的现代数据分析表明，极地涡旋与北大西洋上空的风暴径变化之间有很强的关系。挪威沿海冬季降水增加的时期与西风的影响更大有关，假定降水分布的差异反映了西风位置的变化。由西风占主导地位的南风位置引起的最大降水异常是在2.8、1.2和0.4 ka yr BP附近。但是，一般的湿润期在BP和2.3 ka年之间。

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