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首页> 外文期刊>The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System >GLOBAL MEASUREMENT OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE FROM SPACE: SOME NEW PERSPECTIVES
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GLOBAL MEASUREMENT OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE FROM SPACE: SOME NEW PERSPECTIVES

机译：从空间对海面温度进行全球测量：一些新的观点

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The measurement of global sea surface temperature (SST) from space is well established with 20 years of useful data already acquired, but the more stringent sampling requirements and the higher degree of accuracy now demanded for applications in both climate monitoring and operational oceanography are increasingly difficult to meet with the standard meteorological polar orbiting sensors that have been the basic sensors used for global SST mapping. The established methods and sensors for measuring SST, both in situ and in space, are reviewed, compared, and their major limitations are identified. Mention is made of phenomena which complicate an apparently simple measurement, including diurnal stratification, the presence of clouds and the contamination of the stratosphere by volcanic aerosols. Recent developments in remote sensing of SST are mentioned, noting the improved microwave sensors now becoming available, the calibrated infrared sensors planned for geostationary platforms, and weighing the benefits of merging these data. The conventional buoy-calibration of SST measurements from space is complicated by the variable thermal structure of the upper few metres of the ocean. The recent improvement of radiometers for ship deployment has led to better understanding of the thermal skin of the ocean which suggests a new approach for the validation of SST algorithms based on radiation transfer models. Finally, a future strategy is outlined for combining measurements from many types of sensor in order to achieve the required accuracy and sampling rate of SST data products, and to identify some of the remaining scientific challenges in this field.
机译：利用已经获得的20年有用数据，已经很好地建立了从太空对全球海表温度（SST）的测量的方法，但是现在越来越严格的采样要求和更高的精度要求越来越难用于气候监测和操作海洋学满足标准的气象极地轨道传感器，这些传感器已成为全球SST制图的基本传感器。审查，比较了已建立的用于现场和空间测量SST的方法和传感器，并确定了它们的主要局限性。提到的现象使表面上看似简单的测量复杂化，包括昼间分层，云层的存在以及火山气溶胶对平流层的污染。提到了SST遥感的最新发展，指出现在已经可以使用改进的微波传感器，为对地静止平台计划了校准的红外传感器，并权衡了合并这些数据的好处。 SST测量值的常规浮标校准因海洋上方几米的可变热结构而变得复杂。用于舰船部署的辐射计的最新改进使人们对海洋的热表皮有了更好的了解，这为基于辐射传递模型的SST算法验证提供了一种新方法。最后，概述了未来的策略，该方法将组合多种传感器的测量值，以实现所需的SST数据产品精度和采样率，并确定该领域中尚存的一些科学挑战。

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