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Transient behavior of granular materials with symmetric conditions for tumbler shapes and fill fractions

机译：具有对称条件的颗粒状材料的瞬态行为，用于翻转杯形状和填充分数

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摘要

The purpose of this research is to continue to find the mechanism behind transient granular behavior. The granular motion in circular tumblers can be described as steady-state, since there is no feature to disrupt the consistency of the top free-surface flowing layer. In polygon tumblers however, the available space for the free surface is perpetually changing, which creates unsteady flow behaviors. The effect of tumbler size and speed were studied previously in a triangular tumbler whereas this follow-up research investigates the effect of both the tumbler shape and fill fraction. For the experiment, various amounts of zirconium silicate beads generate a fluctuating flowing layer inside quasi-2D rotating tumblers of triangle and square shapes. Symmetric fill fractions generate the same flowing layer dimensions but results indicate the rate of increasing or decreasing space at the free surface affects the dynamics of the angle of repose. The balance between the potential and kinetic energy causes the flowing layer and angles of repose to appear as an optimized functional form of a catenary, which is much more apparent in the triangular tumbler with upstream and downstream dimensions changing out of phase compared to the square tumbler where the parallel sides act in-phase with one another.
机译：这项研究的目的是继续寻找瞬态颗粒行为背后的机制。圆形制杯机中的颗粒运动可以描述为稳态，因为它没有破坏顶部自由表面流动层一致性的特征。然而，在多角形玻璃杯中，自由表面的可用空间会不断变化，这会产生不稳定的流动行为。先前已经在三角杯中研究了玻璃杯尺寸和速度的影响，而该后续研究则研究了玻璃杯形状和填充率的影响。对于实验，各种数量的硅酸锆珠在三角形和方形的准2D旋转玻璃杯内产生波动的流动层。对称的填充分数生成相同的流动层尺寸，但结果表明，自由表面空间的增加或减少的速率会影响休止角的动力学。势能和动能之间的平衡导致流动层和休止角显示为悬链线的优化功能形式，这在三角形制杯中更明显，而与方形制杯相比，上游和下游尺寸异相平行边彼此同相作用。

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