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Clusters in dense-inertial granular flows: two new views of the conundrum

机译：密集惯性颗粒流中的簇：难题的两个新观点

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摘要

There is a conundrum in the rheological behavior of Dense-inertial granular flows. Dense inertial flows are dominated by clusters of particles which provide a path for internal force transmission through the elasticity of the inter-particle contacts. Yet arguably the presence or absence of the clusters have no quantitative effect on the stresses. One possible explanation is that, even though the clusters exist they are mechanically inactive so the flow behaves as if it were a collisional flow. This paper addresses that possibility in two ways. First, computer simulations that assess both the actual contact stress tensor and a parallel collisional stress tensor show that the collisional stresses can be a small fraction of the total stresses until the flow approaches a fully collisional state, supporting the idea that clusters are indeed important. The second method was to compute force correlations between particles that inhabit the same cluster, as a way of assessing the efficiency of the cluster in force transmission. But once again, the results indicate that forces can be well correlated within a cluster and thus do provide an elastic path for force transmission. Both indicate that clusters are important in internal transport within a dense-inertial granular flow and thus shed no light on why clusters do not quantitatively affect the stresses.
机译：密集惯性颗粒流的流变行为存在一个难题。密集的惯性流由颗粒簇控制，这些颗粒簇通过颗粒间接触的弹性为内部力传递提供了路径。但是可以说，簇的存在与否对应力没有定量的影响。一种可能的解释是，即使存在簇，它们在机械上也不活动，因此该流的行为就像是碰撞流。本文以两种方式解决了这种可能性。首先，评估实际接触应力张量和平行碰撞应力张量的计算机模拟表明，在流体达到完全碰撞状态之前，碰撞应力可能只是总应力的一小部分，这支持了簇确实很重要的观点。第二种方法是计算居住在同一簇中的粒子之间的力相关性，作为评估力传递中簇效率的一种方法。但是，结果再次表明，力可以在群集内很好地关联，因此确实为力传递提供了弹性路径。两者都表明，簇在稠密惯性颗粒流内的内部运输中很重要，因此没有阐明为什么簇不能定量地影响应力的原因。

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