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Vortex formation and dissolution in sheared sands

机译：剪切砂中的涡旋形成和溶解

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摘要

Using digital image correlation, we track the displacement fluctuations within a persistent shear band in a dense sand specimen bounded by glass walls undergoing plane strain compression. The data evidences a clear, systematic, temporally recurring pattern of vortex formation, dissolution, and reformation throughout macroscopic softening and critical state regimes. During softening, locally affine deformation zones are observed at various locations along the shear band, which we argue to be kinematic signatures of semi-stable force chains. Force chain collapse then occurs, inducing vortex formation. Local jamming at the conflux of opposing displacements between adjacent vortices arrests the vortices, providing an avenue for potential new force chains to form amidst these jammed regions. The process repeats itself temporally throughout the critical state. The pattern further correlates with fluctuations in macroscopic shear stress. We characterize the nature of the observed vortices, as they are different in our sands comprised of irregular shaped particles, as compared to previous observations from experiments and numerical simulations which involved circular or rounded particles. The results provide an interesting benchmark for behavior of non-circularon-spherical particles undergoing shear.
机译：使用数字图像相关性，我们跟踪由玻璃墙围成平面应变压缩的致密砂岩样品在永久剪切带内的位移波动。数据证明在整个宏观软化和临界状态机制下，涡流形成，溶解和重整的清晰，系统，暂时的重复模式。在软化过程中，沿剪切带的各个位置观察到局部仿射变形区，我们认为这是半稳定力链的运动学特征。然后发生力链塌陷，引起涡旋形成。在相邻涡旋之间的相对位移的交汇处的局部阻塞使涡旋停止，从而为潜在的新力链在这些阻塞区域中形成提供了途径。该过程会在整个临界状态下暂时重复自身。该图案还与宏观剪切应力的波动相关。我们表征了所观察到的涡旋的性质，因为它们与包含圆形或圆形颗粒的实验和数值模拟之前的观察结果相比，在我们的由不规则形状的颗粒组成的沙子中是不同的。结果为非圆形/非球形颗粒的剪切行为提供了有趣的基准。

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  • 来源
    《Granular matter》 |2012年第6期|p.695-705|共11页
  • 作者

    Sara Abedi; Amy L. Rechenmacher; Andres D. Orlando;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    sand; vortex; force chain; nonaffine deformation; meso-scale; shear band;

    机译：砂;涡流;力链非仿射变形中尺度剪切带;

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