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Measuring the coefficient of restitution for all six degrees of freedom

机译：测量所有六个自由度的恢复系数

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摘要

The coefficient of restitution is a cornerstone empirical parameter of any model where energy is dissipated by particle collisions. However, completely determining this parameter experimentally is challenging, as upon collision, a particle's material properties (such as roughness, sphericity and shape) or minor imperfections, can cause energy to be shifted to other translational or rotational components. When all degrees of freedom are not resolved, these shifts in energy can easily be mistaken for dissipated energy, affecting the derivation of the coefficient of restitution. In the past, these challenges have been highlighted by a large scatter in values of experimental data for the restitution coefficient. In the present study, a novel experimental procedure is presented, determining all six degrees of freedom of a single, spherical, nylon particle, dropped on a glass plate. This study highlights that only by using all six degrees of freedom, can a single reliable and consistent coefficient of restitution be obtained for all cases and between subsequent collisions.
机译：恢复系数是任何通过粒子碰撞耗散能量的模型的基石经验参数。但是，通过实验完全确定该参数具有挑战性，因为在碰撞时，粒子的材料属性（例如粗糙度，球形度和形状）或较小的瑕疵会导致能量转移到其他平移或旋转分量上。当所有自由度都没有解决时，这些能量转移很容易被误认为是耗散的能量，从而影响了恢复系数的推导。过去，这些挑战已通过恢复系数的实验数据值出现较大分散而凸显出来。在本研究中，提出了一种新颖的实验程序，可确定落在玻璃板上的单个球形尼龙颗粒的所有六个自由度。这项研究强调，只有利用所有六个自由度，才能为所有情况以及随后的碰撞之间获得单个可靠且一致的恢复系数。

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