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Stability of granular tunnel

机译：粒状隧道的稳定性

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We demonstrated that the stability of tunnels made of granular matter is strongly dependent on the grain size, tunnel diameter, and water content inside the granules. Larger tunnel radius, larger grain size, and too much water content tend to destabilize the tunnel. We also developed a model to describe such findings. We identified a phase diagram of stability which is significantly controlled by the granular bond order. For granular bond order of above unity, we always able to build a stable tunnel. For granular bond order of less than unity, we obtained a general expression for estimating the maximum thickness of the stable tunnel. The phenomena related to granular tunnel stability have occurred in human activities (such as a collapse of the sand hole made on the beach) as well as in living animals (such as burrows dug by crabs, antlions, mongoose, beetles, turtles, or some species of rats). To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first exploration regarding the stability of the granular tunnel.
机译：我们证明了由颗粒物制成的隧道的稳定性在很大程度上取决于颗粒尺寸，隧道直径和颗粒内部的水分含量。较大的隧道半径，较大的晶粒尺寸和过多的水分会破坏隧道的稳定性。我们还开发了一个模型来描述这种发现。我们确定了一个稳定的状态图，该状态受颗粒键顺序的控制。对于以上单位的精细键合顺序，我们始终能够构建稳定的隧道。对于小于1的粒状键序，我们获得了用于估算稳定隧道最大厚度的一般表达式。与颗粒状隧道稳定性有关的现象已发生在人类活动（例如在海滩上挖出的沙坑坍塌）以及活动物（例如由螃蟹，鹿角，猫鼬，甲虫，海龟或某些动物挖出的洞穴）中种老鼠）。据我们所知，这项工作是有关粒状隧道稳定性的首次探索。

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