Applying grey system theory to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries

Wuwei Li

摘要

Purpose - For the studies whose purposes are to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation activities of the enterprises, there are some limitations in the measures of industrial characteristics and using traditional statistical techniques. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries using grey system theory. The research results show that grey system theory is suitable to investigate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries. Design/methodology/approach - This paper proposes the measures of industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities of high-tech enterprises. First, based on the data on Chinese large and medium-sized high-tech enterprises for the period of 2011-2013, this paper applies grey relational analysis to identify the relatively most important indexes on affecting innovation capabilities of Chinese high-tech enterprises. Second, based on the results from grey relational analysis, this study draws a ranking of the five Chinese high-tech industries in terms of innovation capabilities by grey decision making. Finally, based on the results from grey decision making, this study applies GM (0, N) model to investigate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries. Findings - The results of this study show that in the evaluation indexes system of innovation capabilities of high-tech enterprises, personnel in R&D institutions, R&D personnel, internal expenditure on R&D, expenditure on new product development, expenditure on technology imports, expenditure on technology renovation, and expenditure on technology assimilation and absorption are relatively most important elements affecting innovation capabilities of Chinese high-tech enterprises. In addition, the two top ranking on innovation capabilities are manufacture of electronic equipment and communication equipment, and manufacture of medicines. At last, the findings indicate that in the measures of industrial characteristics, the three top ranking on affecting innovation capabilities of Chinese high-tech enterprises are R&D intensity, technology absorption intensity of indigenous high-tech enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises size. The opening level is in the middle position. Technology intensity, market concentration, and state-owned enterprises size are the three bottom ranking on affecting innovation capabilities of Chinese high-tech enterprises. Research limitations/implications - This study has some limitations. First, this study is limited to Chinese high-tech industries. The findings may not be applicable to other countries' high-tech industries. Further studies with other countries' high-tech industries could be extended and examined how industrial characteristics affect innovation capabilities of the firms in these industries. Second, the measures of industrial characteristics proposed in this study are somewhat theoretically weak. In the future, the authors will further improve the current analysis, and develop the measures of industrial characteristics. Finally, with the advent of the more data with the consistent statistical coverage released by China's National Bureau of Statistics during the more continuous years, other " methods, such as panel data regression model in econometrics could be used to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries. By then, the scholars can compare the results from grey system theory and those from panel data regression model in econometrics. Practical implications - Appropriate industrial environment is favorable for Chinese high-tech enterprises to feed their innovation capabilities. Scientific evaluation on the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries is of great significance for Chinese high-tech enterprises in exerting technological catch-up and promoting their competitive advantage. The purposed measures of industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities of high-tech enterprises in this paper, and combined methodology based on grey system theory could be applied to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities of Chinese high-tech enterprises. Originality/value - This paper proposes the measures of industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities of high-tech enterprises, and uses grey system theory to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries.

机译：目的-对于旨在评估产业特征与企业创新活动之间关系的研究，在产业特征度量和使用传统统计技术方面存在一些局限性。本文旨在运用灰色系统理论研究中国高科技产业的产业特征与创新能力之间的关系。研究结果表明，灰色系统理论适合研究中国高科技产业的产业特征与创新能力之间的关系。设计/方法/方法-本文提出了衡量高科技企业的产业特征和创新能力的措施。首先，基于2011-2013年中国大中型高科技企业的数据，运用灰色关联分析法确定影响中国高科技企业创新能力的最重要指标。其次，基于灰色关联分析的结果，本研究通过灰色决策得出了中国五个高科技产业在创新能力方面的排名。最后，基于灰色决策的结果，本研究应用GM（0，N）模型来研究中国高科技产业中产业特征与创新能力之间的关系。调查结果-研究结果表明，在高科技企业创新能力评价指标体系中，研发机构人员，研发人员，研发内部支出，新产品开发支出，技术引进支出，技术支出更新，技术同化和吸收方面的支出是影响中国高科技企业创新能力的最重要因素。此外，创新能力的两个最高排名是电子设备和通信设备的制造以及药品的制造。最后，研究结果表明，在产业特征测度中，影响中国高科技企业创新能力的三项最高排名分别是研发强度，本土高科技企业的技术吸收强度和外商投资企业规模。开口水平处于中间位置。技术强度，市场集中度和国有企业规模是影响中国高科技企业创新能力的三项最低排名。研究的局限性/含义-该研究有一些局限性。首先，这项研究仅限于中国高科技产业。该发现可能不适用于其他国家的高科技产业。可以扩展对其他国家高科技产业的进一步研究，并研究产业特征如何影响这些产业中企业的创新能力。其次，本研究提出的产业特征测度在理论上有些薄弱。将来，作者将进一步改进当前的分析，并开发出具有产业特征的措施。最后，随着更多数据的出现，以及中国国家统计局在更连续的几年中发布的一致的统计覆盖率，其他“方法”，例如计量经济学中的面板数据回归模型，可用于评估产业特征与经济之间的关系。中国高科技产业的创新能力，然后，学者们可以将计量经济学中灰色系统理论的结果与面板数据回归模型的结果进行比较实际意义-合适的产业环境有利于中国高科技企业的创新科学评估中国高科技产业的产业特征与创新能力之间的关系，对中国高科技企业发挥技术赶超和提升竞争优势具有重要意义。本文采用灰色系统理论为基础的综合方法，评价了我国高科技企业的产业特征与创新能力之间的关系。原创性/价值-本文提出了高科技企业的产业特征和创新能力的度量，并使用灰色系统理论评估了中国高科技产业中产业特征和创新能力之间的关系。

Applying grey system theory to evaluate the relationship between industrial characteristics and innovation capabilities within Chinese high-tech industries

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