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Comparison of Line-Drive and Push-Pull Flushing Schemes

机译：线驱动和推挽冲洗方案的比较

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摘要

The performance of cyclodextrin (CD)-enhanced push-pull (PP) and line-drive (LD) approaches to remediation of a site contaminated with a multicomponent dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) present in a surficial sandy aquifer was evaluated in this field study. The treatment techniques were compared to each other and to the projected performance of a conventional water-flushing system. Performance was assessed based on contaminant mass removed per unit volume of extraction solution and per unit time of operation. As expected, the CD-enhanced LD and PP approaches to remediation were more efficient than conventional flushing with water. Between the two techniques, the PP approach performed 1.5 to 2 times better than the LD approach, particularly for higher DNAPL saturation of the source zone. This result suggests that forcing the flushing solution directly into and through the DNAPL source zone minimized flow bypassing and consequently resulted in a more efficient transfer of contaminant mass between the DNAPL phase and the flushing solution. Nonuniform treatment zone contaminant concentrations and changes in contaminant composition influenced the treatment performances, but these effects were small and still permitted the comparison of successive tests. Although CD was used as the solubility-enhancing flushing agent in this study, it is likely that the results can be transferred to other chemically enhanced flushing technologies that use, for example, surfactants or alcohols.
机译：在该领域中，评估了环糊精（CD）增强的推挽（PP）和线驱动（LD）方法对被表面含沙含水层中存在的多组分致密非水相液体（DNAPL）污染的场地进行修复的性能。研究。将处理技术相互比较，并与常规冲洗系统的预期性能进行了比较。基于每单位体积萃取溶液和每单位操作时间去除的污染物质量评估性能。如预期的那样，CD增强的LD和PP修复方法比常规的水冲洗更有效。在这两种技术之间，PP方法的性能比LD方法高1.5到2倍，特别是对于源区更高的DNAPL饱和度。该结果表明，迫使冲洗溶液直接进入并通过DNAPL源区可最大程度地减少旁路，从而导致DNAPL相和冲洗溶液之间污染物质量的更有效转移。不均匀的处理区污染物浓度和污染物成分的变化会影响处理性能，但是这些影响很小，仍然可以比较后续测试。尽管CD在本研究中被用作提高溶解度的冲洗剂，但结果很可能可以转移到其他化学增强的冲洗技术中，例如使用表面活性剂或酒精。

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