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首页> 外文期刊>Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation >Effects of Hydraulic Variables and Well Construction on Horizontal Borehole Flowmeter Measurements
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Effects of Hydraulic Variables and Well Construction on Horizontal Borehole Flowmeter Measurements

机译：水力变量和油井构造对水平井流量计测量的影响

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摘要

Due to differences in hydraulic conductivity and effects of well construction geometry, ground water flow in a wellbore typically differs from the flow field in the surrounding porous media. These differences must be well understood to use borehole flowmeters for ground water velocity and direction measurement. In this work, a lab-scale sand tank test and a small-scale field test were conducted to explore the differences between average linear velocities in the borehole and in the formation and flow directions. In the sand tank test, six variables were studied, colloidal borescope meters were used to measure flows in wellbores, and correction factors (= linear velocity in center of borehole/average linear velocity in the surrounding formation away from the well) for flow velocity were determined. In these tests, correction factors ranged between 3 and 6 for all conditions studied, without any strong correlation between correction factor and most of the variables studied. The most obvious relationship was that the correction factor appeared to increase with decreasing ground water velocity; when the flow velocity decreased to near or below 2 × 10~3 m/s, the value of the correction factors increased to equal or exceed 10. In the field test, two different types of flowmeter-the colloidal borescope meters and heat-pulse flowmeters-were used under natural gradient and forced hydraulic gradient conditions. Field test results showed no differences in correction factors when either type of borehole meters or hydraulic conditions were used. The correction factors remained between 3.9 and 6.0 consistent with other previously published results. The flow directions measured by borehole flowmeters in wellbores were consistent with the flow directions in the geological formation. The results of the sand tank test indicated the larger well screen diameter and the lower hydraulic gradient seem to have the more accurate flow directions measured by borehole flowmeters. Field and lab measurements suggested that the errors of flow direction were less than 15°, with a maximum of 21°.
机译：由于导水率的差异和井眼构造的影响，井眼中的地下水流通常与周围多孔介质中的流场不同。使用井孔流量计进行地下水速度和方向测量时，必须很好地理解这些差异。在这项工作中，进行了实验室规模的砂箱测试和小规模的现场测试，以探索井眼，地层和流动方向的平均线速度之间的差异。在砂罐测试中，研究了六个变量，使用了胶体管道镜流量计来测量井眼中的流量，并计算了流速的校正因子（=井眼中心线速度/远离井眼的周围地层平均线速度）。决心。在这些测试中，对于所有研究的条件，校正因子的范围在3到6之间，校正因子和大多数研究变量之间没有任何强相关性。最明显的关系是校正因子似乎随着地下水流速的降低而增加。当流速降低到接近或低于2×10〜3 m / s时，校正因子的值增加到等于或超过10。在现场测试中，两种不同类型的流量计-胶体管道流量计和热脉冲流量计流量计-在自然梯度和强制水力梯度条件下使用。现场测试结果表明，无论使用哪种类型的钻孔仪表或液压条件，校正系数均无差异。校正因子保持在3.9和6.0之间，与其他先前发布的结果一致。井筒流量计在井眼中测得的流向与地质构造中的流向一致。砂罐测试的结果表明，较大的井筛直径和较低的水力梯度似乎具有井眼流量计测量的更准确的流向。现场和实验室测量表明，流向误差小于15°，最大为21°。

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